Amsterdam or Munich: which climate?
Amsterdam (The Netherlands) has a temperate oceanic climate, whereas Munich (Germany) has a warm-summer humid continental climate, according to the Köppen-Geiger classification.
The values compared here are normals computed over 86 complete calendar years, from 1940 to 2025, using ERA5 reanalysis data from the Copernicus programme. The same method and the same period apply to Amsterdam and to Munich.
Amsterdam is warmer than Munich by 1.0 °C in annual average: 9.9 °C against 8.9 °C.
Munich gets more rain than Amsterdam: 940 mm per year against 751 mm.
Munich has warmed by +2.4 °C between 1940 and 2025, against +1.9 °C in Amsterdam. Munich is therefore warming faster than Amsterdam. Both trends are statistically significant.
Amsterdam averages 2 hot days (≥ 30 °C) and 43 frost days per year; Munich averages 5 and 90.
Data from ERA5 reanalysis (Copernicus Climate Change Service), redistributed under a CC-BY 4.0 licence. Normals are recomputed whenever the archive is updated.
| Indicator | Amsterdam | Munich | Difference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mean daily temperature | 9.9 °C | 8.9 °C | -1.0 °C |
| Average daily high | 13.0 °C | 13.0 °C | negligible |
| Average daily low | 6.9 °C | 5.1 °C | -1.8 °C |
| Annual rainfall | 751 mm | 940 mm | +189 mm |
| Sunshine / day | 7.8 h | 8.1 h | negligible |
| Hot days (≥ 30 °C) | 2 d/yr | 5 d/yr | negligible |
| Frost days (< 0 °C) | 43 d/yr | 90 d/yr | +47 d/yr |
| Rainy days (≥ 1 mm) | 147 d/yr | 155 d/yr | +8 d/yr |
| Mean relative humidity | 82 % | 77 % | -5 % |
| Average peak wind | 21.3 km/h | 14.9 km/h | -6.4 km/h |
A difference is only reported when it exceeds the resolution of the data. ERA5 is a reanalysis on a grid of about 31 km: two nearby cities often fall in the same cell, and below half a degree you are reading the grid, not the climate.