Milan or Tokyo: which climate?
Milan (Italy) has a humid subtropical climate, whereas Tokyo (Japan) has a humid subtropical climate, according to the Köppen-Geiger classification.
The values compared here are normals computed over 86 complete calendar years, from 1940 to 2025, using ERA5 reanalysis data from the Copernicus programme. The same method and the same period apply to Milan and to Tokyo.
Tokyo is warmer than Milan by 2.1 °C in annual average: 15.3 °C against 13.2 °C.
Tokyo gets more rain than Milan: 1,376 mm per year against 1,146 mm.
Milan gets 9.3 hours of sunshine per day on average, against 8.2 hours in Tokyo.
Milan has warmed by +3.2 °C between 1940 and 2025, against +2.2 °C in Tokyo. Milan is therefore warming faster than Tokyo. Both trends are statistically significant.
Milan averages 28 hot days (≥ 30 °C) and 46 frost days per year; Tokyo averages 36 and 34.
Data from ERA5 reanalysis (Copernicus Climate Change Service), redistributed under a CC-BY 4.0 licence. Normals are recomputed whenever the archive is updated.
| Indicator | Milan | Tokyo | Difference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mean daily temperature | 13.2 °C | 15.3 °C | +2.1 °C |
| Average daily high | 17.6 °C | 19.1 °C | +1.5 °C |
| Average daily low | 9.3 °C | 12.0 °C | +2.7 °C |
| Annual rainfall | 1,146 mm | 1,376 mm | +230 mm |
| Sunshine / day | 9.3 h | 8.2 h | -1.1 h |
| Hot days (≥ 30 °C) | 28 d/yr | 36 d/yr | +8 d/yr |
| Frost days (< 0 °C) | 46 d/yr | 34 d/yr | -12 d/yr |
| Rainy days (≥ 1 mm) | 115 d/yr | 134 d/yr | +19 d/yr |
| Mean relative humidity | 73 % | 74 % | negligible |
| Average peak wind | 9.9 km/h | 19.9 km/h | +10.0 km/h |
A difference is only reported when it exceeds the resolution of the data. ERA5 is a reanalysis on a grid of about 31 km: two nearby cities often fall in the same cell, and below half a degree you are reading the grid, not the climate.