Sydney or Toulouse: which climate?
Sydney (Australia) has a temperate oceanic climate, whereas Toulouse (France) has a temperate oceanic climate, according to the Köppen-Geiger classification.
The values compared here are normals computed over 86 complete calendar years, from 1940 to 2025, using ERA5 reanalysis data from the Copernicus programme. The same method and the same period apply to Sydney and to Toulouse.
Sydney is warmer than Toulouse by 4.4 °C in annual average: 17.7 °C against 13.3 °C.
Sydney gets more rain than Toulouse: 892 mm per year against 782 mm.
Sydney gets 10.2 hours of sunshine per day on average, against 8.8 hours in Toulouse.
Toulouse has warmed by +2.0 °C between 1940 and 2025, against +1.2 °C in Sydney. Toulouse is therefore warming faster than Sydney. Both trends are statistically significant.
Sydney averages 2 hot days (≥ 30 °C) and 0 frost days per year; Toulouse averages 22 and 27.
Data from ERA5 reanalysis (Copernicus Climate Change Service), redistributed under a CC-BY 4.0 licence. Normals are recomputed whenever the archive is updated.
| Indicator | Sydney | Toulouse | Difference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mean daily temperature | 17.7 °C | 13.3 °C | -4.4 °C |
| Average daily high | 20.1 °C | 17.9 °C | -2.2 °C |
| Average daily low | 15.5 °C | 9.3 °C | -6.2 °C |
| Annual rainfall | 892 mm | 782 mm | -110 mm |
| Sunshine / day | 10.2 h | 8.8 h | -1.4 h |
| Hot days (≥ 30 °C) | 2 d/yr | 22 d/yr | +20 d/yr |
| Frost days (< 0 °C) | 0 d/yr | 27 d/yr | +27 d/yr |
| Rainy days (≥ 1 mm) | 116 d/yr | 126 d/yr | +10 d/yr |
| Mean relative humidity | 72 % | 75 % | +3 % |
| Average peak wind | 25.9 km/h | 18.1 km/h | -7.8 km/h |
A difference is only reported when it exceeds the resolution of the data. ERA5 is a reanalysis on a grid of about 31 km: two nearby cities often fall in the same cell, and below half a degree you are reading the grid, not the climate.