Toulouse or Warsaw: which climate?
Toulouse (France) has a temperate oceanic climate, whereas Warsaw (Poland) has a warm-summer humid continental climate, according to the Köppen-Geiger classification.
The values compared here are normals computed over 86 complete calendar years, from 1940 to 2025, using ERA5 reanalysis data from the Copernicus programme. The same method and the same period apply to Toulouse and to Warsaw.
Toulouse is warmer than Warsaw by 4.9 °C in annual average: 13.3 °C against 8.4 °C.
Toulouse gets more rain than Warsaw: 782 mm per year against 638 mm.
Toulouse gets 8.8 hours of sunshine per day on average, against 7.2 hours in Warsaw.
Warsaw has warmed by +2.4 °C between 1940 and 2025, against +2.0 °C in Toulouse. Warsaw is therefore warming faster than Toulouse. Both trends are statistically significant.
Toulouse averages 22 hot days (≥ 30 °C) and 27 frost days per year; Warsaw averages 5 and 99.
Data from ERA5 reanalysis (Copernicus Climate Change Service), redistributed under a CC-BY 4.0 licence. Normals are recomputed whenever the archive is updated.
| Indicator | Toulouse | Warsaw | Difference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mean daily temperature | 13.3 °C | 8.4 °C | -4.9 °C |
| Average daily high | 17.9 °C | 12.0 °C | -5.9 °C |
| Average daily low | 9.3 °C | 4.7 °C | -4.6 °C |
| Annual rainfall | 782 mm | 638 mm | -144 mm |
| Sunshine / day | 8.8 h | 7.2 h | -1.6 h |
| Hot days (≥ 30 °C) | 22 d/yr | 5 d/yr | -17 d/yr |
| Frost days (< 0 °C) | 27 d/yr | 99 d/yr | +72 d/yr |
| Rainy days (≥ 1 mm) | 126 d/yr | 131 d/yr | +5 d/yr |
| Mean relative humidity | 75 % | 78 % | +3 % |
| Average peak wind | 18.1 km/h | 17.4 km/h | negligible |
A difference is only reported when it exceeds the resolution of the data. ERA5 is a reanalysis on a grid of about 31 km: two nearby cities often fall in the same cell, and below half a degree you are reading the grid, not the climate.