Esna climate — normals and trends

Q: What is the climate of Esna?

Esna has a hot desert climate (Köppen BWh). Over 1940-2025, the average annual temperature is 24.8 °C and it receives 6 mm of precipitation per year.

Q: What is the hottest day ever recorded in Esna?

The hottest day measured in Esna between 1940 and 2025 was 8 June 1961, reaching 46.9 °C.

Q: What is the coldest day in Esna?

The coldest day measured in Esna between 1940 and 2025 was 3 January 1942, at -0.6 °C.

Q: Does it snow in Esna?

Almost never: Esna sees virtually no snow, with about 0 frost days per year.

Q: Has the climate of Esna warmed?

Yes: Esna warmed by +2.4 °C between 1940 and 2025, a statistically significant trend.

Q: What is the wettest day in Esna?

The wettest day measured in Esna between 1940 and 2025 was 31 October 1966, with 58 mm of rain in 24 hours.

Q: What was the windiest day in Esna?

The windiest day measured in Esna between 1940 and 2025 was 4 July 1967, with winds reaching 39.7 km/h.

Q: What is the warmest month in Esna?

The warmest month in Esna is July (32.7 °C on average); the coldest is January (14.2 °C).

Q: How much does it rain in Esna?

Esna receives on average 6 mm of precipitation per year, spread over about 1 rainy days.

Q: Is it sunny in Esna?

Esna gets on average 11.5 hours of sunshine per day, roughly 4,198 hours per year over 1940-2025.

Esna (Egypt) has a hot desert climate (BWh) under the Köppen-Geiger classification. Its mean annual temperature is 24.8 °C and it receives 6 mm of precipitation per year.

These figures are normals computed over 86 complete calendar years, from 1940 to 2025, using ERA5 reanalysis data from the Copernicus programme.

The warmest month is July (32.7 °C on average) and the coldest is January (14.2 °C). Rainfall peaks in October.

Esna averages 0 frost days, 217 hot days (≥ 30 °C) and 1 rainy days per year.

Esna has warmed by +2.4 °C between 1940 and 2025, or +0.29 °C per decade. This trend is statistically significant.

The hottest day of the period reached 46.9 °C (on 8 June 1961) and the coldest -0.6 °C (on 3 January 1942).

Data from ERA5 reanalysis (Copernicus Climate Change Service), redistributed under a CC-BY 4.0 licence. Normals are recomputed whenever the archive is updated.

Climate normals · ERA5

EsnaQena Governorate

coords: 25.29°, 32.55°
period: 1940–2025 · 86 yrs

BWhHot desertWarmest monthJulyColdest monthJanuaryWettest monthOctoberDriest monthJune

Mean daily temperature

24.8°C

Average daily high

31.5°C

Average daily low

18.5°C

Annual rainfall

6mm

Sunshine / day

11.5h

Mean relative humidity

30%

Average peak wind

17.1km/h

Seasonal range

18.5°C

Frost days (< 0 °C)

0 d/yr

Hot days (≥ 30 °C)

217 d/yr

Rainy days (≥ 1 mm)

1 d/yr

Annual snowfall

0.0 cm

Average feels-like high

29.9 °C

Average feels-like low

15.7 °C

Average peak gust

33.0 km/h

Tropical nights (≥ 20 °C)

177 d/yr

Solar radiation

23.5 MJ/m²

Has the climate changed?

One stripe per year, 1940 to 2025

+2.4 °C

since 1940

+0.3 °C per decade · r² = 0.68 · p = < 0.001

19402025

Trend fitted by linear regression (ordinary least squares) on annual means. A trend is shown only when it is statistically significant (p < 0.05).

A climograph overlays rainfall (bars) and temperature (line): the standard reading in climatology, where you can see at a glance whether the warm season is also the dry one.

Records for the period

Hottest day

46.9 °C

8 June 1961

Coldest day

-0.6 °C

3 January 1942

Wettest day

58 mm

31 October 1966

Windiest day

39.7 km/h

4 July 1967

Strongest gust

72.4 km/h

26 July 1967

Hottest feels-like

47.7 °C

14 August 2025

Coldest feels-like

-5.0 °C

3 January 1942

Sunniest day

13.2 h

18 June 1940

Year	Hottest day	Coldest day	Annual mean	Rainfall	Hot days	Frost days
2025	44.9 °C14 August 2025	8.3 °C15 February 2025	26.1 °C	0 mm	237	0
2024	45.7 °C7 June 2024	5.7 °C2 February 2024	26.5 °C	2 mm	222	0
2023	43.7 °C25 August 2023	7.9 °C18 January 2023	26.5 °C	2 mm	230	0
2022	43.7 °C14 May 2022	4.4 °C21 January 2022	25.5 °C	1 mm	218	0
2021	44.3 °C3 July 2021	6.6 °C31 January 2021	26.2 °C	3 mm	229	0
2020	43.9 °C31 July 2020	3.7 °C6 January 2020	25.8 °C	4 mm	214	0
2019	44.7 °C18 July 2019	5.6 °C16 January 2019	25.8 °C	1 mm	218	0
2018	44.0 °C6 May 2018	7.7 °C27 January 2018	26.5 °C	3 mm	239	0
2017	43.6 °C4 July 2017	4.8 °C10 January 2017	25.7 °C	1 mm	212	0
2016	45.3 °C5 June 2016	5.0 °C30 January 2016	26.3 °C	1 mm	242	0
2015	44.8 °C28 May 2015	4.6 °C11 January 2015	26.1 °C	0 mm	216	0
2014	44.6 °C13 July 2014	7.5 °C13 January 2014	26.5 °C	4 mm	237	0
2013	45.5 °C3 June 2013	5.3 °C12 January 2013	26.0 °C	0 mm	237	0
2012	43.0 °C25 May 2012	5.8 °C7 January 2012	25.7 °C	2 mm	228	0
2011	43.3 °C3 August 2011	7.8 °C18 December 2011	25.1 °C	0 mm	209	0
2010	45.6 °C22 June 2010	5.9 °C8 February 2010	27.3 °C	10 mm	260	0
2009	42.8 °C13 July 2009	4.8 °C6 January 2009	25.5 °C	0 mm	219	0
2008	43.0 °C9 June 2008	4.9 °C16 January 2008	25.7 °C	5 mm	218	0
2007	42.6 °C28 April 2007	5.5 °C5 February 2007	25.3 °C	0 mm	220	0
2006	45.5 °C6 June 2006	6.8 °C29 December 2006	25.4 °C	0 mm	214	0
2005	42.8 °C23 July 2005	5.7 °C27 December 2005	25.5 °C	0 mm	225	0
2004	45.5 °C10 May 2004	6.2 °C27 January 2004	25.4 °C	0 mm	234	0
2003	44.5 °C29 May 2003	5.7 °C6 February 2003	25.4 °C	0 mm	216	0
2002	44.5 °C1 August 2002	5.1 °C5 January 2002	25.6 °C	0 mm	233	0
2001	43.4 °C28 May 2001	7.2 °C22 December 2001	25.3 °C	0 mm	219	0
2000	45.8 °C31 July 2000	5.2 °C30 January 2000	24.9 °C	0 mm	211	0
1999	42.6 °C24 May 1999	7.0 °C19 January 1999	25.6 °C	3 mm	220	0
1998	43.9 °C13 June 1998	6.1 °C25 January 1998	25.6 °C	1 mm	225	0
1997	42.8 °C15 August 1997	6.1 °C6 February 1997	24.9 °C	1 mm	201	0
1996	43.7 °C4 July 1996	4.5 °C19 January 1996	25.4 °C	2 mm	207	0
1995	46.6 °C2 July 1995	5.2 °C14 January 1995	25.2 °C	0 mm	211	0
1994	43.1 °C16 June 1994	6.1 °C9 February 1994	25.0 °C	5 mm	213	0
1993	44.4 °C6 June 1993	3.5 °C11 February 1993	25.3 °C	2 mm	230	0
1992	44.1 °C12 June 1992	2.2 °C6 February 1992	24.2 °C	1 mm	215	0
1991	46.9 °C15 May 1991	3.6 °C29 December 1991	24.9 °C	1 mm	227	0
1990	43.4 °C12 April 1990	6.1 °C8 February 1990	24.9 °C	3 mm	229	0
1989	44.8 °C7 June 1989	3.7 °C14 February 1989	24.7 °C	0 mm	205	0
1988	45.7 °C21 June 1988	4.3 °C19 January 1988	25.1 °C	0 mm	216	0
1987	45.1 °C9 August 1987	4.5 °C12 January 1987	24.7 °C	1 mm	199	0
1986	43.7 °C10 June 1986	5.0 °C28 December 1986	24.5 °C	0 mm	212	0
1985	42.5 °C19 June 1985	6.3 °C4 March 1985	25.0 °C	5 mm	220	0
1984	44.6 °C27 May 1984	5.8 °C14 January 1984	24.6 °C	0 mm	213	0
1983	44.0 °C12 July 1983	4.6 °C17 January 1983	23.7 °C	0 mm	202	0
1982	42.7 °C13 August 1982	5.4 °C17 January 1982	23.9 °C	1 mm	211	0
1981	44.1 °C28 April 1981	4.4 °C1 February 1981	24.2 °C	0 mm	209	0
1980	45.4 °C21 June 1980	4.4 °C7 January 1980	24.7 °C	3 mm	223	0
1979	44.8 °C25 June 1979	4.7 °C11 January 1979	25.2 °C	2 mm	235	0
1978	46.2 °C30 May 1978	0.9 °C6 January 1978	24.4 °C	0 mm	211	0
1977	45.5 °C6 June 1977	2.2 °C28 December 1977	24.0 °C	0 mm	198	0
1976	44.6 °C27 June 1976	2.6 °C21 January 1976	24.4 °C	3 mm	221	0
1975	42.2 °C11 June 1975	4.3 °C10 January 1975	23.9 °C	4 mm	219	0
1974	43.3 °C19 June 1974	4.2 °C18 January 1974	24.2 °C	2 mm	228	0
1973	43.0 °C12 June 1973	2.5 °C17 January 1973	24.4 °C	0 mm	220	0
1972	42.6 °C20 June 1972	4.4 °C8 February 1972	24.4 °C	1 mm	207	0
1971	43.1 °C20 June 1971	2.1 °C29 December 1971	24.3 °C	4 mm	211	0
1970	45.0 °C21 May 1970	2.9 °C23 January 1970	24.3 °C	0 mm	211	0
1969	44.9 °C16 June 1969	2.8 °C11 January 1969	25.1 °C	2 mm	221	0
1968	44.1 °C16 July 1968	3.4 °C16 January 1968	24.3 °C	6 mm	206	0
1967	43.8 °C13 June 1967	4.3 °C31 January 1967	23.6 °C	124 mm	191	0
1966	43.7 °C19 June 1966	3.8 °C11 January 1966	24.8 °C	191 mm	210	0
1965	45.9 °C10 June 1965	5.0 °C5 February 1965	24.2 °C	10 mm	204	0
1964	44.3 °C31 May 1964	2.9 °C1 January 1964	23.9 °C	19 mm	226	0
1963	45.0 °C7 June 1963	3.4 °C29 January 1963	25.2 °C	20 mm	214	0
1962	44.7 °C12 August 1962	4.2 °C27 January 1962	24.9 °C	0 mm	246	0
1961	46.9 °C8 June 1961	3.7 °C23 December 1961	23.6 °C	0 mm	201	0
1960	43.1 °C6 July 1960	4.7 °C11 January 1960	25.1 °C	0 mm	225	0
1959	45.1 °C12 June 1959	2.8 °C16 February 1959	24.0 °C	0 mm	215	0
1958	44.8 °C18 April 1958	4.1 °C11 January 1958	25.1 °C	0 mm	237	0
1957	42.6 °C23 June 1957	2.4 °C3 February 1957	24.9 °C	0 mm	219	0
1956	44.9 °C25 July 1956	2.8 °C11 February 1956	24.3 °C	1 mm	211	0
1955	44.1 °C31 July 1955	3.1 °C1 January 1955	24.5 °C	3 mm	219	0
1954	45.2 °C29 May 1954	1.1 °C12 January 1954	23.9 °C	2 mm	205	0
1953	43.5 °C17 June 1953	1.2 °C14 January 1953	23.8 °C	3 mm	215	0
1952	44.9 °C22 May 1952	2.3 °C24 December 1952	24.4 °C	2 mm	215	0
1951	45.3 °C17 May 1951	2.8 °C17 January 1951	24.3 °C	0 mm	221	0
1950	42.4 °C13 August 1950	1.3 °C7 February 1950	24.0 °C	1 mm	209	0
1949	44.5 °C24 May 1949	0.7 °C28 January 1949	23.3 °C	3 mm	206	0
1948	43.6 °C16 June 1948	2.5 °C17 February 1948	23.1 °C	0 mm	200	0
1947	42.6 °C16 July 1947	2.9 °C20 January 1947	24.6 °C	5 mm	219	0
1946	42.2 °C3 June 1946	1.7 °C16 January 1946	24.0 °C	1 mm	218	0
1945	44.3 °C3 August 1945	2.5 °C1 February 1945	23.2 °C	5 mm	192	0
1944	44.8 °C14 June 1944	2.6 °C11 February 1944	23.8 °C	10 mm	207	0
1943	44.3 °C16 August 1943	2.6 °C15 January 1943	23.9 °C	30 mm	200	0
1942	43.3 °C5 May 1942	-0.6 °C3 January 1942	24.4 °C	4 mm	212	1
1941	43.8 °C11 May 1941	0.8 °C27 December 1941	24.2 °C	0 mm	211	0
1940	43.5 °C27 June 1940	2.2 °C31 December 1940	23.7 °C	4 mm	208	0

Normals computed over complete calendar years 1940–2025.

A specific year

Pick a year and see how it compares to normal — warmer, drier or more extreme than usual?

Year

Across the whole year

Average daily high

32.2 °C

+0.7 °C

Hot days (≥ 30 °C)

237 d/yr

+20

Frost days (< 0 °C)

0 d/yr

Annual rainfall

0 mm

-6 mm

Month by month

	High	vs. normal	vs. normal
Jan	24.1 °C	+3.1 °C	-1 mm
Feb	22.2 °C	-1.1 °C	-0 mm
Mar	28.6 °C	+1.2 °C	-0 mm
Apr	33.6 °C	+0.9 °C	-0 mm
May	36.2 °C	-0.6 °C	-0 mm
Jun	37.8 °C	-1.1 °C	0 mm
Jul	40.0 °C	+1.1 °C	0 mm
Aug	39.7 °C	+0.9 °C	0 mm
Sep	36.2 °C	-0.7 °C	-0 mm
Oct	34.3 °C	+0.9 °C	-3 mm
Nov	30.2 °C	+2.8 °C	-1 mm
Dec	23.3 °C	+0.8 °C	-1 mm

The year's extremes

Hottest day

44.9 °C

14 Aug 2025

Coldest day

8.3 °C

15 Feb 2025

Wettest day

0.3 mm

25 Nov 2025

Windiest day

32.8 km/h

24 Apr 2025

Strongest gust

58.7 km/h

24 Apr 2025

Hottest feels-like

47.7 °C

14 Aug 2025

Coldest feels-like

4.7 °C

15 Feb 2025

Sunniest day

13.1 h

25 Jun 2025

What was the weather like that day?

Your birthday, a wedding, a memorable trip: discover the actual weather for any date since 1940.

Date

Frequently asked questions

What is the climate of Esna?

Esna has a hot desert climate (Köppen BWh). Over 1940-2025, the average annual temperature is 24.8 °C and it receives 6 mm of precipitation per year.

What is the hottest day ever recorded in Esna?

The hottest day measured in Esna between 1940 and 2025 was 8 June 1961, reaching 46.9 °C.

What is the coldest day in Esna?

The coldest day measured in Esna between 1940 and 2025 was 3 January 1942, at -0.6 °C.

Does it snow in Esna?

Almost never: Esna sees virtually no snow, with about 0 frost days per year.

Has the climate of Esna warmed?

Yes: Esna warmed by +2.4 °C between 1940 and 2025, a statistically significant trend.

What is the wettest day in Esna?

The wettest day measured in Esna between 1940 and 2025 was 31 October 1966, with 58 mm of rain in 24 hours.

What was the windiest day in Esna?

The windiest day measured in Esna between 1940 and 2025 was 4 July 1967, with winds reaching 39.7 km/h.

What is the warmest month in Esna?

The warmest month in Esna is July (32.7 °C on average); the coldest is January (14.2 °C).

How much does it rain in Esna?

Esna receives on average 6 mm of precipitation per year, spread over about 1 rainy days.

Is it sunny in Esna?

Esna gets on average 11.5 hours of sunshine per day, roughly 4,198 hours per year over 1940-2025.

Are there tropical nights in Esna?

Yes: Esna has on average 177 tropical nights per year (temperature staying above 20 °C), over 1940-2025.

What was the most extreme apparent temperature in Esna?

In Esna, between 1940 and 2025, the highest apparent temperature reached 47.7 °C on 14 August 2025, and the lowest was -5.0 °C on 3 January 1942.

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