Jerusalem climate — normals and trends

Q: What is the climate of Jerusalem?

Jerusalem has a hot semi-arid climate (Köppen BSh). Over 1940-2025, the average annual temperature is 19.0 °C and it receives 342 mm of precipitation per year.

Q: What is the hottest day ever recorded in Jerusalem?

The hottest day measured in Jerusalem between 1940 and 2025 was 7 June 1961, reaching 42.3 °C.

Q: What is the coldest day in Jerusalem?

The coldest day measured in Jerusalem between 1940 and 2025 was 7 February 1950, at -7.0 °C.

Q: Does it snow in Jerusalem?

Almost never: Jerusalem sees virtually no snow, with about 0 frost days per year.

Q: Has the climate of Jerusalem warmed?

Yes: Jerusalem warmed by +1.7 °C between 1940 and 2025, a statistically significant trend.

Q: What is the wettest day in Jerusalem?

The wettest day measured in Jerusalem between 1940 and 2025 was 18 October 1997, with 51 mm of rain in 24 hours.

Q: What was the windiest day in Jerusalem?

The windiest day measured in Jerusalem between 1940 and 2025 was 29 February 2012, with winds reaching 42.4 km/h.

Q: What is the warmest month in Jerusalem?

The warmest month in Jerusalem is August (26.8 °C on average); the coldest is January (10.2 °C).

Q: How much does it rain in Jerusalem?

Jerusalem receives on average 342 mm of precipitation per year, spread over about 53 rainy days.

Q: Is it sunny in Jerusalem?

Jerusalem gets on average 11.1 hours of sunshine per day, roughly 4,052 hours per year over 1940-2025.

Jerusalem (Israel) has a hot semi-arid climate (BSh) under the Köppen-Geiger classification. Its mean annual temperature is 19.0 °C and it receives 342 mm of precipitation per year.

These figures are normals computed over 86 complete calendar years, from 1940 to 2025, using ERA5 reanalysis data from the Copernicus programme.

The warmest month is August (26.8 °C on average) and the coldest is January (10.2 °C). Rainfall peaks in January.

Jerusalem averages 0 frost days, 129 hot days (≥ 30 °C) and 53 rainy days per year.

Jerusalem has warmed by +1.7 °C between 1940 and 2025, or +0.20 °C per decade. This trend is statistically significant.

The hottest day of the period reached 42.3 °C (on 7 June 1961) and the coldest -7.0 °C (on 7 February 1950).

Data from ERA5 reanalysis (Copernicus Climate Change Service), redistributed under a CC-BY 4.0 licence. Normals are recomputed whenever the archive is updated.

Climate normals · ERA5

JerusalemJerusalem

coords: 31.77°, 35.22°
period: 1940–2025 · 86 yrs

BShHot semi-aridWarmest monthAugustColdest monthJanuaryWettest monthJanuaryDriest monthJuly

Mean daily temperature

19.0°C

Average daily high

24.8°C

Average daily low

14.0°C

Annual rainfall

342mm

Sunshine / day

11.1h

Mean relative humidity

62%

Average peak wind

14.3km/h

Seasonal range

16.6°C

Frost days (< 0 °C)

0 d/yr

Hot days (≥ 30 °C)

129 d/yr

Rainy days (≥ 1 mm)

53 d/yr

Annual snowfall

0.4 cm

Average feels-like high

24.7 °C

Average feels-like low

13.3 °C

Average peak gust

31.5 km/h

Tropical nights (≥ 20 °C)

69 d/yr

Solar radiation

20.1 MJ/m²

Has the climate changed?

One stripe per year, 1940 to 2025

+1.7 °C

since 1940

+0.2 °C per decade · r² = 0.39 · p = < 0.001

19402025

Trend fitted by linear regression (ordinary least squares) on annual means. A trend is shown only when it is statistically significant (p < 0.05).

A climograph overlays rainfall (bars) and temperature (line): the standard reading in climatology, where you can see at a glance whether the warm season is also the dry one.

Records for the period

Hottest day

42.3 °C

7 June 1961

Coldest day

-7.0 °C

7 February 1950

Wettest day

51 mm

18 October 1997

Windiest day

42.4 km/h

29 February 2012

Strongest gust

95.4 km/h

29 February 2012

Hottest feels-like

45.4 °C

20 August 2010

Coldest feels-like

-10.6 °C

7 February 1950

Snowiest day

3.7 cm

5 February 1950

Sunniest day

13.5 h

27 June 1940

Year	Hottest day	Coldest day	Annual mean	Rainfall	Hot days	Frost days
2025	40.3 °C13 August 2025	-0.5 °C25 February 2025	20.4 °C	322 mm	149	1
2024	39.8 °C15 June 2024	3.7 °C1 February 2024	20.3 °C	271 mm	140	0
2023	40.6 °C13 August 2023	3.9 °C14 February 2023	20.6 °C	397 mm	143	0
2022	39.5 °C28 August 2022	1.5 °C16 March 2022	20.0 °C	289 mm	148	0
2021	38.6 °C5 August 2021	3.7 °C21 January 2021	20.7 °C	223 mm	155	0
2020	41.6 °C4 September 2020	3.2 °C25 January 2020	20.3 °C	434 mm	157	0
2019	40.5 °C24 May 2019	3.7 °C12 January 2019	19.9 °C	415 mm	159	0
2018	40.8 °C25 July 2018	5.5 °C9 January 2018	20.7 °C	510 mm	146	0
2017	40.2 °C3 July 2017	2.0 °C3 February 2017	20.0 °C	200 mm	139	0
2016	39.3 °C16 May 2016	-0.3 °C28 January 2016	20.2 °C	256 mm	149	1
2015	41.2 °C2 August 2015	0.1 °C10 January 2015	19.7 °C	388 mm	134	0
2014	39.3 °C28 June 2014	2.6 °C5 February 2014	19.8 °C	285 mm	126	0
2013	37.1 °C24 May 2013	0.8 °C15 December 2013	19.7 °C	301 mm	136	0
2012	40.2 °C18 July 2012	2.7 °C9 February 2012	20.0 °C	372 mm	154	0
2011	39.0 °C30 July 2011	3.0 °C7 December 2011	19.3 °C	370 mm	129	0
2010	41.7 °C20 August 2010	2.0 °C6 February 2010	21.5 °C	243 mm	162	0
2009	39.0 °C1 July 2009	2.0 °C2 January 2009	20.0 °C	295 mm	149	0
2008	38.5 °C24 April 2008	-0.2 °C13 January 2008	19.9 °C	228 mm	149	1
2007	39.7 °C27 July 2007	3.6 °C16 January 2007	19.5 °C	291 mm	141	0
2006	38.0 °C10 September 2006	2.2 °C29 December 2006	19.0 °C	276 mm	136	0
2005	38.1 °C15 August 2005	1.3 °C11 February 2005	19.2 °C	274 mm	129	0
2004	39.2 °C14 July 2004	1.8 °C17 December 2004	19.4 °C	308 mm	132	0
2003	40.2 °C29 May 2003	4.0 °C28 February 2003	19.5 °C	360 mm	152	0
2002	40.8 °C31 July 2002	3.5 °C11 January 2002	19.6 °C	451 mm	132	0
2001	38.4 °C2 June 2001	4.0 °C27 January 2001	19.8 °C	273 mm	145	0
2000	40.7 °C30 July 2000	2.2 °C28 January 2000	19.2 °C	294 mm	133	0
1999	38.0 °C24 May 1999	3.7 °C22 February 1999	19.9 °C	147 mm	137	0
1998	40.2 °C9 August 1998	1.6 °C12 January 1998	19.9 °C	300 mm	141	0
1997	37.8 °C8 June 1997	0.6 °C6 February 1997	18.7 °C	424 mm	135	0
1996	39.3 °C6 September 1996	3.4 °C3 February 1996	19.2 °C	351 mm	134	0
1995	38.0 °C2 July 1995	3.8 °C21 January 1995	18.7 °C	210 mm	125	0
1994	37.6 °C15 August 1994	3.4 °C10 December 1994	19.1 °C	488 mm	133	0
1993	38.8 °C30 August 1993	0.1 °C15 February 1993	18.6 °C	243 mm	121	0
1992	36.7 °C1 September 1992	-0.3 °C26 January 1992	17.4 °C	476 mm	95	1
1991	34.7 °C8 May 1991	1.1 °C27 January 1991	18.5 °C	451 mm	112	0
1990	36.3 °C27 May 1990	0.1 °C25 January 1990	18.5 °C	303 mm	115	0
1989	37.1 °C14 June 1989	0.0 °C5 January 1989	18.5 °C	251 mm	137	0
1988	38.6 °C15 May 1988	2.8 °C14 November 1988	18.6 °C	435 mm	131	0
1987	38.9 °C7 August 1987	1.3 °C28 January 1987	18.4 °C	365 mm	129	0
1986	38.4 °C18 September 1986	2.4 °C21 January 1986	18.6 °C	372 mm	120	0
1985	38.1 °C23 August 1985	1.2 °C4 March 1985	18.7 °C	286 mm	125	0
1984	36.0 °C25 May 1984	2.0 °C8 December 1984	18.2 °C	303 mm	128	0
1983	39.4 °C11 July 1983	1.8 °C30 January 1983	17.7 °C	351 mm	103	0
1982	35.9 °C12 August 1982	0.7 °C17 January 1982	17.8 °C	346 mm	111	0
1981	37.0 °C27 July 1981	2.3 °C25 January 1981	18.4 °C	240 mm	128	0
1980	39.4 °C31 May 1980	1.3 °C2 February 1980	18.6 °C	405 mm	124	0
1979	37.7 °C24 June 1979	3.3 °C6 January 1979	19.2 °C	363 mm	120	0
1978	39.7 °C8 July 1978	2.8 °C15 January 1978	18.9 °C	249 mm	129	0
1977	39.9 °C23 August 1977	2.7 °C7 January 1977	18.7 °C	323 mm	127	0
1976	36.1 °C8 June 1976	-0.1 °C2 March 1976	18.3 °C	229 mm	121	1
1975	36.6 °C11 June 1975	2.3 °C12 February 1975	18.4 °C	320 mm	107	0
1974	36.6 °C30 June 1974	0.7 °C24 January 1974	18.5 °C	483 mm	135	0
1973	38.4 °C21 July 1973	0.4 °C1 January 1973	18.6 °C	248 mm	128	0
1972	37.2 °C17 September 1972	0.4 °C23 December 1972	18.0 °C	480 mm	111	0
1971	36.6 °C20 June 1971	1.0 °C17 December 1971	18.3 °C	573 mm	115	0
1970	40.4 °C21 May 1970	1.4 °C21 December 1970	18.5 °C	335 mm	113	0
1969	39.0 °C16 June 1969	3.2 °C29 January 1969	18.8 °C	499 mm	118	0
1968	39.0 °C14 August 1968	1.4 °C2 February 1968	18.8 °C	360 mm	112	0
1967	37.0 °C21 June 1967	0.6 °C23 January 1967	17.7 °C	516 mm	93	0
1966	39.6 °C3 June 1966	2.9 °C23 March 1966	19.3 °C	357 mm	107	0
1965	38.9 °C13 June 1965	3.9 °C13 March 1965	18.8 °C	320 mm	123	0
1964	36.7 °C30 May 1964	-1.6 °C19 January 1964	17.9 °C	358 mm	96	3
1963	38.6 °C7 June 1963	2.1 °C26 December 1963	19.4 °C	355 mm	128	0
1962	38.1 °C11 June 1962	2.6 °C22 February 1962	19.6 °C	199 mm	136	0
1961	42.3 °C7 June 1961	1.2 °C1 March 1961	18.2 °C	346 mm	107	0
1960	38.0 °C5 July 1960	2.1 °C25 January 1960	19.5 °C	259 mm	127	0
1959	38.1 °C10 June 1959	-1.2 °C28 February 1959	17.8 °C	252 mm	102	1
1958	38.3 °C23 August 1958	2.6 °C1 February 1958	19.2 °C	164 mm	109	0
1957	37.0 °C29 May 1957	-0.4 °C23 January 1957	18.6 °C	482 mm	114	2
1956	39.4 °C23 July 1956	2.4 °C31 March 1956	18.6 °C	354 mm	105	0
1955	37.4 °C11 June 1955	4.3 °C4 December 1955	19.2 °C	285 mm	136	0
1954	39.2 °C22 August 1954	1.4 °C14 January 1954	18.8 °C	373 mm	129	0
1953	37.6 °C20 July 1953	1.4 °C21 December 1953	18.0 °C	583 mm	116	0
1952	39.8 °C23 August 1952	3.6 °C22 January 1952	19.0 °C	314 mm	123	0
1951	37.1 °C10 September 1951	3.0 °C26 December 1951	19.0 °C	376 mm	121	0
1950	36.9 °C18 May 1950	-7.0 °C7 February 1950	18.5 °C	297 mm	132	7
1949	36.0 °C10 May 1949	0.2 °C9 January 1949	17.7 °C	558 mm	114	0
1948	37.2 °C4 July 1948	0.8 °C31 December 1948	17.8 °C	411 mm	114	0
1947	37.0 °C28 August 1947	3.6 °C27 December 1947	19.5 °C	296 mm	142	0
1946	38.3 °C7 September 1946	2.1 °C24 January 1946	19.0 °C	291 mm	134	0
1945	39.8 °C11 July 1945	2.0 °C2 March 1945	18.1 °C	371 mm	128	0
1944	41.1 °C14 June 1944	2.4 °C17 January 1944	18.8 °C	372 mm	139	0
1943	38.6 °C29 September 1943	1.0 °C7 March 1943	18.6 °C	334 mm	132	0
1942	40.4 °C6 May 1942	-2.1 °C5 January 1942	18.8 °C	323 mm	146	3
1941	39.2 °C25 May 1941	3.8 °C27 December 1941	19.3 °C	371 mm	145	0
1940	38.8 °C1 June 1940	2.5 °C16 January 1940	18.6 °C	326 mm	120	0

Normals computed over complete calendar years 1940–2025.

A specific year

Pick a year and see how it compares to normal — warmer, drier or more extreme than usual?

Year

Across the whole year

Average daily high

26.2 °C

+1.4 °C

Hot days (≥ 30 °C)

149 d/yr

+20

Frost days (< 0 °C)

1 d/yr

Annual rainfall

322 mm

-20 mm

Month by month

	High	vs. normal	Precipitation	vs. normal
Jan	16.8 °C	+2.2 °C	29 mm	-41 mm
Feb	14.0 °C	-1.7 °C	66 mm	+2 mm
Mar	21.4 °C	+2.6 °C	37 mm	-21 mm
Apr	25.6 °C	+1.9 °C	6 mm	-16 mm
May	29.6 °C	+1.2 °C	9 mm	+1 mm
Jun	32.9 °C	+1.2 °C	0 mm	-1 mm
Jul	35.0 °C	+1.6 °C	0 mm	-0 mm
Aug	34.8 °C	+1.2 °C	1 mm	+1 mm
Sep	32.5 °C	+0.8 °C	1 mm	-0 mm
Oct	29.1 °C	+1.3 °C	1 mm	-18 mm
Nov	24.9 °C	+3.3 °C	53 mm	+15 mm
Dec	17.2 °C	+0.8 °C	118 mm	+59 mm

The year's extremes

Hottest day

40.3 °C

13 Aug 2025

Coldest day

-0.5 °C

25 Feb 2025

Wettest day

31.0 mm

28 Dec 2025

Windiest day

34.4 km/h

6 Feb 2025

Strongest gust

72.0 km/h

6 Feb 2025

Hottest feels-like

44.9 °C

13 Aug 2025

Coldest feels-like

-4.1 °C

25 Feb 2025

Sunniest day

13.4 h

25 Jun 2025

What was the weather like that day?

Your birthday, a wedding, a memorable trip: discover the actual weather for any date since 1940.

Date

Frequently asked questions

What is the climate of Jerusalem?

Jerusalem has a hot semi-arid climate (Köppen BSh). Over 1940-2025, the average annual temperature is 19.0 °C and it receives 342 mm of precipitation per year.

What is the hottest day ever recorded in Jerusalem?

The hottest day measured in Jerusalem between 1940 and 2025 was 7 June 1961, reaching 42.3 °C.

What is the coldest day in Jerusalem?

The coldest day measured in Jerusalem between 1940 and 2025 was 7 February 1950, at -7.0 °C.

Does it snow in Jerusalem?

Almost never: Jerusalem sees virtually no snow, with about 0 frost days per year.

Has the climate of Jerusalem warmed?

Yes: Jerusalem warmed by +1.7 °C between 1940 and 2025, a statistically significant trend.

What is the wettest day in Jerusalem?

The wettest day measured in Jerusalem between 1940 and 2025 was 18 October 1997, with 51 mm of rain in 24 hours.

What was the windiest day in Jerusalem?

The windiest day measured in Jerusalem between 1940 and 2025 was 29 February 2012, with winds reaching 42.4 km/h.

What is the warmest month in Jerusalem?

The warmest month in Jerusalem is August (26.8 °C on average); the coldest is January (10.2 °C).

How much does it rain in Jerusalem?

Jerusalem receives on average 342 mm of precipitation per year, spread over about 53 rainy days.

Is it sunny in Jerusalem?

Jerusalem gets on average 11.1 hours of sunshine per day, roughly 4,052 hours per year over 1940-2025.

What is the biggest single-day snowfall in Jerusalem?

The heaviest 24-hour snowfall measured in Jerusalem between 1940 and 2025 was 5 February 1950, with 3.7 cm.

Are there tropical nights in Jerusalem?

Yes: Jerusalem has on average 69 tropical nights per year (temperature staying above 20 °C), over 1940-2025.

What was the most extreme apparent temperature in Jerusalem?

In Jerusalem, between 1940 and 2025, the highest apparent temperature reached 45.4 °C on 20 August 2010, and the lowest was -10.6 °C on 7 February 1950.

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