Turkestan climate — normals and trends

Turkestan (Kazakhstan) has a cold semi-arid climate (BSk) under the Köppen-Geiger classification. Its mean annual temperature is 13.5 °C and it receives 264 mm of precipitation per year.

These figures are normals computed over 86 complete calendar years, from 1940 to 2025, using ERA5 reanalysis data from the Copernicus programme.

The warmest month is July (29.6 °C on average) and the coldest is January (-2.9 °C). Rainfall peaks in March.

Turkestan averages 98 frost days, 106 hot days (≥ 30 °C) and 54 rainy days per year.

Turkestan has warmed by +1.9 °C between 1940 and 2025, or +0.22 °C per decade. This trend is statistically significant.

The number of frost days there went from about 109 to 87 per year over the period.

The hottest day of the period reached 47.4 °C (on 30 July 1983) and the coldest -36.0 °C (on 12 February 1969).

Data from ERA5 reanalysis (Copernicus Climate Change Service), redistributed under a CC-BY 4.0 licence. Normals are recomputed whenever the archive is updated.

Climate normals · ERA5

TurkestanTurkistan

coords
43.29°, 68.26°
period
19402025 · 86 yrs
BSkCold semi-aridWarmest monthJulyColdest monthJanuaryWettest monthMarchDriest monthSeptember

Mean daily temperature

13.5°C

Average daily high

19.3°C

Average daily low

7.9°C

Annual rainfall

264mm

Sunshine / day

10.1h

Mean relative humidity

50%

Average peak wind

17.4km/h

Seasonal range

32.5°C

Frost days (< 0 °C)

98 d/yr

Hot days (≥ 30 °C)

106 d/yr

Rainy days (≥ 1 mm)

54 d/yr

Annual snowfall

34.9 cm

Average feels-like high

16.5 °C

Average feels-like low

4.4 °C

Average peak gust

31.1 km/h

Tropical nights (≥ 20 °C)

62 d/yr

Solar radiation

16.7 MJ/m²

Has the climate changed?

One stripe per year, 1940 to 2025

+1.9 °C

since 1940

+0.2 °C per decade · r² = 0.19 · p = < 0.001

1940Each stripe is one year, from 1940 (left) to 2025 (right). Blue = colder than the period average, red = warmer.2025

Trend fitted by linear regression (ordinary least squares) on annual means. A trend is shown only when it is statistically significant (p < 0.05).

A climograph overlays rainfall (bars) and temperature (line): the standard reading in climatology, where you can see at a glance whether the warm season is also the dry one.

Records for the period

Hottest day

47.4 °C

30 July 1983

Coldest day

-36.0 °C

12 February 1969

Wettest day

36 mm

25 February 1953

Windiest day

57.4 km/h

26 February 1988

Strongest gust

99.7 km/h

26 February 1988

Hottest feels-like

47.7 °C

30 July 1983

Coldest feels-like

-41.7 °C

12 February 1969

Snowiest day

10.9 cm

26 January 1974

Sunniest day

15.0 h

16 June 1940

YearHottest dayColdest dayAnnual meanRainfallHot daysFrost days
202543.8 °C4 July 2025-12.4 °C23 January 202515.9 °C167 mm12891
202442.1 °C27 June 2024-13.2 °C11 December 202414.6 °C319 mm9990
202344.5 °C13 July 2023-19.8 °C12 January 202315.7 °C201 mm11368
202245.0 °C22 July 2022-16.7 °C9 December 202215.4 °C345 mm12577
202144.5 °C25 July 2021-13.9 °C8 January 202115.1 °C202 mm12984
202041.9 °C4 June 2020-14.9 °C7 December 202014.2 °C219 mm11295
201944.1 °C19 July 2019-12.1 °C6 February 201915.4 °C281 mm10276
201843.4 °C22 July 2018-15.9 °C27 January 201814.3 °C255 mm9793
201743.7 °C7 July 2017-11.7 °C13 February 201714.7 °C257 mm12893
201640.6 °C13 July 2016-15.3 °C24 December 201615.1 °C297 mm11772
201543.9 °C15 July 2015-19.9 °C26 January 201515.0 °C355 mm11471
201442.0 °C27 June 2014-24.3 °C9 February 201413.4 °C251 mm121111
201343.9 °C31 July 2013-18.0 °C5 January 201315.4 °C261 mm11671
201241.9 °C22 August 2012-26.3 °C4 February 201214.1 °C186 mm115103
201143.3 °C2 August 2011-19.6 °C19 December 201114.1 °C195 mm119114
201040.4 °C6 August 2010-12.9 °C13 February 201015.6 °C222 mm11271
200940.7 °C10 August 2009-11.7 °C4 January 200914.6 °C331 mm9469
200844.5 °C31 July 2008-25.0 °C22 January 200814.4 °C170 mm12590
200744.6 °C22 June 2007-20.3 °C5 January 200714.9 °C249 mm12385
200640.7 °C22 July 2006-24.4 °C20 January 200614.2 °C272 mm11487
200544.5 °C8 July 2005-16.7 °C6 February 200514.9 °C265 mm12187
200441.4 °C21 June 2004-7.4 °C22 December 200415.4 °C271 mm10962
200341.6 °C20 July 2003-12.2 °C18 February 200314.0 °C450 mm9687
200243.7 °C9 August 2002-18.0 °C3 December 200214.6 °C337 mm10274
200141.9 °C19 June 2001-24.3 °C26 January 200114.5 °C218 mm11484
200042.6 °C25 June 2000-11.5 °C12 January 200014.7 °C218 mm12188
199941.7 °C4 August 1999-22.1 °C5 January 199914.7 °C254 mm10287
199843.0 °C7 July 1998-26.7 °C23 January 199813.3 °C343 mm110113
199745.1 °C18 July 1997-22.3 °C24 December 199714.1 °C343 mm116102
199642.9 °C28 July 1996-19.8 °C10 January 199613.2 °C156 mm99110
199541.4 °C16 July 1995-23.8 °C11 December 199514.4 °C130 mm102104
199442.2 °C30 June 1994-24.2 °C17 February 199412.6 °C311 mm105108
199342.6 °C4 July 1993-18.7 °C27 November 199311.6 °C265 mm90123
199242.1 °C12 July 1992-13.8 °C10 January 199212.8 °C298 mm7495
199140.5 °C30 July 1991-22.5 °C1 January 199112.8 °C209 mm98107
199041.9 °C31 July 1990-24.4 °C30 December 199013.1 °C337 mm11696
198941.4 °C9 July 1989-20.5 °C29 January 198912.6 °C243 mm102106
198842.5 °C19 June 1988-22.1 °C7 February 198813.6 °C291 mm10991
198740.9 °C21 July 1987-16.8 °C21 January 198713.1 °C261 mm9691
198641.7 °C17 July 1986-19.1 °C15 December 198612.9 °C247 mm106117
198541.3 °C5 July 1985-18.7 °C15 December 198512.6 °C261 mm104120
198442.9 °C3 August 1984-27.6 °C13 February 198411.5 °C241 mm105116
198347.4 °C30 July 1983-16.5 °C25 December 198314.1 °C205 mm10192
198242.1 °C2 August 1982-21.4 °C21 January 198212.3 °C276 mm95131
198143.3 °C13 July 1981-14.2 °C31 December 198113.2 °C467 mm8592
198042.2 °C15 July 1980-22.5 °C24 January 198013.1 °C339 mm10591
197942.5 °C2 August 1979-18.9 °C30 January 197913.3 °C257 mm87100
197842.2 °C16 July 1978-23.0 °C9 February 197812.7 °C424 mm98107
197740.1 °C10 July 1977-24.8 °C22 January 197712.9 °C234 mm11793
197642.9 °C14 July 1976-24.2 °C22 December 197612.2 °C273 mm102131
197543.8 °C12 August 1975-26.6 °C3 February 197513.1 °C271 mm109122
197442.0 °C30 June 1974-28.5 °C11 January 197412.0 °C256 mm99123
197342.7 °C30 July 1973-27.1 °C22 January 197312.9 °C301 mm102100
197238.8 °C24 June 1972-25.8 °C2 February 197210.7 °C315 mm93104
197140.9 °C12 July 1971-23.9 °C16 January 197113.7 °C230 mm10177
197041.3 °C22 June 1970-19.3 °C4 February 197012.9 °C238 mm9898
196940.8 °C16 July 1969-36.0 °C12 February 196910.9 °C393 mm8889
196843.1 °C5 August 1968-20.9 °C25 December 196812.4 °C305 mm82100
196742.2 °C21 July 1967-17.8 °C6 January 196713.3 °C351 mm9686
196641.5 °C11 June 1966-13.6 °C28 December 196613.9 °C245 mm10396
196541.5 °C21 July 1965-18.5 °C31 January 196514.3 °C204 mm11484
196439.5 °C13 August 1964-19.1 °C22 January 196412.1 °C358 mm90115
196340.5 °C19 July 1963-19.4 °C6 January 196313.6 °C304 mm9491
196240.7 °C23 July 1962-16.7 °C11 December 196213.0 °C244 mm9496
196139.1 °C5 June 1961-13.6 °C29 November 196113.6 °C243 mm118113
196040.8 °C6 July 1960-16.1 °C14 March 196011.6 °C240 mm86129
195939.9 °C29 June 1959-20.3 °C17 December 195911.8 °C212 mm107127
195839.8 °C5 July 1958-19.8 °C29 December 195812.8 °C423 mm8793
195740.9 °C4 July 1957-24.3 °C3 January 195711.9 °C260 mm108114
195642.6 °C11 July 1956-24.3 °C23 February 195612.6 °C292 mm97109
195542.8 °C8 August 1955-16.7 °C9 February 195513.9 °C283 mm10992
195439.7 °C31 July 1954-20.2 °C22 February 195411.6 °C328 mm78114
195343.8 °C3 July 1953-17.7 °C30 December 195313.1 °C369 mm108103
195243.7 °C12 July 1952-23.1 °C12 December 195212.8 °C289 mm106101
195140.3 °C25 July 1951-22.8 °C1 February 195112.7 °C226 mm101102
195039.4 °C18 July 1950-27.5 °C28 November 195011.2 °C224 mm104117
194940.6 °C28 July 1949-27.8 °C7 January 194911.7 °C300 mm78129
194844.3 °C23 July 1948-31.4 °C21 December 194813.7 °C218 mm111109
194741.9 °C19 July 1947-17.6 °C20 January 194715.0 °C126 mm11079
194643.0 °C31 July 1946-18.7 °C22 December 194614.4 °C140 mm126100
194543.6 °C16 July 1945-19.7 °C13 January 194513.6 °C240 mm115121
194445.4 °C8 August 1944-15.7 °C12 December 194415.6 °C151 mm12778
194345.4 °C7 July 1943-24.4 °C17 January 194313.7 °C185 mm112117
194246.1 °C4 July 1942-10.8 °C6 February 194215.2 °C186 mm11992
194145.9 °C25 June 1941-14.5 °C6 January 194116.4 °C127 mm14083
194042.5 °C21 July 1940-27.4 °C13 January 194014.0 °C188 mm11899

Normals computed over complete calendar years 1940–2025.

A specific year

Pick a year and see how it compares to normal — warmer, drier or more extreme than usual?

Across the whole year

Average daily high
22.1 °C
+2.8 °C
Hot days (≥ 30 °C)
128 d/yr
+22
Frost days (< 0 °C)
91 d/yr
-7
Annual rainfall
167 mm
-97 mm

Month by month

Highvs. normalPrecipitationvs. normal
Jan3.7 °C+2.3 °C30 mm-7 mm
Feb7.8 °C+3.5 °C25 mm-9 mm
Mar14.7 °C+2.6 °C40 mm-3 mm
Apr26.9 °C+5.9 °C5 mm-31 mm
May32.8 °C+4.8 °C3 mm-19 mm
Jun35.9 °C+2.2 °C1 mm-6 mm
Jul38.3 °C+2.3 °C0 mm-4 mm
Aug34.9 °C+0.6 °C2 mm-0 mm
Sep28.6 °C+0.5 °C0 mm-2 mm
Oct22.3 °C+3.1 °C2 mm-13 mm
Nov13.2 °C+3.1 °C4 mm-25 mm
Dec5.4 °C+2.1 °C56 mm+21 mm

The year's extremes

Hottest day
43.8 °C
4 Jul 2025
Coldest day
-12.4 °C
23 Jan 2025
Wettest day
11.9 mm
7 Mar 2025
Windiest day
38.4 km/h
11 Dec 2025
Strongest gust
67.7 km/h
27 May 2025
Hottest feels-like
44.1 °C
4 Jul 2025
Coldest feels-like
-17.2 °C
24 Jan 2025
Snowiest day
5.1 cm
3 Mar 2025
Sunniest day
15.0 h
20 Jun 2025

What was the weather like that day?

Your birthday, a wedding, a memorable trip: discover the actual weather for any date since 1940.

Date

Frequently asked questions

What is the climate of Turkestan?

Turkestan has a cold semi-arid climate (Köppen BSk). Over 1940-2025, the average annual temperature is 13.5 °C and it receives 264 mm of precipitation per year.

What is the hottest day ever recorded in Turkestan?

The hottest day measured in Turkestan between 1940 and 2025 was 30 July 1983, reaching 47.4 °C.

What is the coldest day in Turkestan?

The coldest day measured in Turkestan between 1940 and 2025 was 12 February 1969, at -36.0 °C.

Does it snow in Turkestan?

Yes. Turkestan gets on average 34.9 cm of snow per year and has around 98 frost days.

Has the climate of Turkestan warmed?

Yes: Turkestan warmed by +1.9 °C between 1940 and 2025, a statistically significant trend.

What is the wettest day in Turkestan?

The wettest day measured in Turkestan between 1940 and 2025 was 25 February 1953, with 36 mm of rain in 24 hours.

What was the windiest day in Turkestan?

The windiest day measured in Turkestan between 1940 and 2025 was 26 February 1988, with winds reaching 57.4 km/h.

What is the warmest month in Turkestan?

The warmest month in Turkestan is July (29.6 °C on average); the coldest is January (-2.9 °C).

How much does it rain in Turkestan?

Turkestan receives on average 264 mm of precipitation per year, spread over about 54 rainy days.

Is it sunny in Turkestan?

Turkestan gets on average 10.1 hours of sunshine per day, roughly 3,687 hours per year over 1940-2025.

What is the biggest single-day snowfall in Turkestan?

The heaviest 24-hour snowfall measured in Turkestan between 1940 and 2025 was 26 January 1974, with 10.9 cm.

Are there tropical nights in Turkestan?

Yes: Turkestan has on average 62 tropical nights per year (temperature staying above 20 °C), over 1940-2025.

What was the most extreme apparent temperature in Turkestan?

In Turkestan, between 1940 and 2025, the highest apparent temperature reached 47.7 °C on 30 July 1983, and the lowest was -41.7 °C on 12 February 1969.

Compare Turkestan with another city

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Nearby cities

The climate around Turkestan

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