Ksour Essaf climate — normals and trends

Q: What is the climate of Ksour Essaf?

Ksour Essaf has a hot desert climate (Köppen BWh). Over 1940-2025, the average annual temperature is 19.7 °C and it receives 263 mm of precipitation per year.

Q: What is the hottest day ever recorded in Ksour Essaf?

The hottest day measured in Ksour Essaf between 1940 and 2025 was 25 July 2023, reaching 48.2 °C.

Q: What is the coldest day in Ksour Essaf?

The coldest day measured in Ksour Essaf between 1940 and 2025 was 3 January 1942, at -1.0 °C.

Q: Does it snow in Ksour Essaf?

Almost never: Ksour Essaf sees virtually no snow, with about 0 frost days per year.

Q: Has the climate of Ksour Essaf warmed?

Yes: Ksour Essaf warmed by +2.4 °C between 1940 and 2025, a statistically significant trend.

Q: What is the wettest day in Ksour Essaf?

The wettest day measured in Ksour Essaf between 1940 and 2025 was 21 October 1953, with 112 mm of rain in 24 hours.

Q: What was the windiest day in Ksour Essaf?

The windiest day measured in Ksour Essaf between 1940 and 2025 was 21 January 1981, with winds reaching 58.7 km/h.

Q: What is the warmest month in Ksour Essaf?

The warmest month in Ksour Essaf is August (27.8 °C on average); the coldest is January (12.5 °C).

Q: How much does it rain in Ksour Essaf?

Ksour Essaf receives on average 263 mm of precipitation per year, spread over about 46 rainy days.

Q: Is it sunny in Ksour Essaf?

Ksour Essaf gets on average 10.8 hours of sunshine per day, roughly 3,942 hours per year over 1940-2025.

Ksour Essaf (Tunisia) has a hot desert climate (BWh) under the Köppen-Geiger classification. Its mean annual temperature is 19.7 °C and it receives 263 mm of precipitation per year.

These figures are normals computed over 86 complete calendar years, from 1940 to 2025, using ERA5 reanalysis data from the Copernicus programme.

The warmest month is August (27.8 °C on average) and the coldest is January (12.5 °C). Rainfall peaks in October.

Ksour Essaf averages 0 frost days, 84 hot days (≥ 30 °C) and 46 rainy days per year.

Ksour Essaf has warmed by +2.4 °C between 1940 and 2025, or +0.29 °C per decade. This trend is statistically significant.

The hottest day of the period reached 48.2 °C (on 25 July 2023) and the coldest -1.0 °C (on 3 January 1942).

Data from ERA5 reanalysis (Copernicus Climate Change Service), redistributed under a CC-BY 4.0 licence. Normals are recomputed whenever the archive is updated.

Climate normals · ERA5

Ksour EssafMahdia Governorate

coords: 35.42°, 10.99°
period: 1940–2025 · 86 yrs

BWhHot desertWarmest monthAugustColdest monthJanuaryWettest monthOctoberDriest monthJuly

Mean daily temperature

19.7°C

Average daily high

24.2°C

Average daily low

15.8°C

Annual rainfall

263mm

Sunshine / day

10.8h

Mean relative humidity

67%

Average peak wind

20.1km/h

Seasonal range

15.3°C

Frost days (< 0 °C)

0 d/yr

Hot days (≥ 30 °C)

84 d/yr

Rainy days (≥ 1 mm)

46 d/yr

Annual snowfall

0.0 cm

Average feels-like high

23.7 °C

Average feels-like low

15.1 °C

Average peak gust

39.5 km/h

Tropical nights (≥ 20 °C)

111 d/yr

Solar radiation

18.4 MJ/m²

Has the climate changed?

One stripe per year, 1940 to 2025

+2.4 °C

since 1940

+0.3 °C per decade · r² = 0.72 · p = < 0.001

19402025

Trend fitted by linear regression (ordinary least squares) on annual means. A trend is shown only when it is statistically significant (p < 0.05).

A climograph overlays rainfall (bars) and temperature (line): the standard reading in climatology, where you can see at a glance whether the warm season is also the dry one.

Records for the period

Hottest day

48.2 °C

25 July 2023

Coldest day

-1.0 °C

3 January 1942

Wettest day

112 mm

21 October 1953

Windiest day

58.7 km/h

21 January 1981

Strongest gust

109.4 km/h

21 January 1981

Hottest feels-like

48.7 °C

30 June 2003

Coldest feels-like

-5.2 °C

18 February 1942

Sunniest day

13.9 h

17 June 2023

Year	Hottest day	Coldest day	Annual mean	Rainfall	Hot days	Frost days
2025	43.5 °C21 July 2025	6.3 °C1 December 2025	21.4 °C	298 mm	117	0
2024	39.7 °C21 July 2024	5.8 °C11 December 2024	21.5 °C	247 mm	110	0
2023	48.2 °C25 July 2023	4.3 °C25 January 2023	21.6 °C	257 mm	116	0
2022	42.8 °C18 August 2022	5.4 °C28 January 2022	21.7 °C	151 mm	128	0
2021	45.8 °C11 August 2021	5.6 °C17 February 2021	21.1 °C	142 mm	108	0
2020	41.3 °C16 August 2020	5.2 °C8 February 2020	20.8 °C	278 mm	94	0
2019	42.1 °C24 June 2019	5.8 °C23 January 2019	20.5 °C	301 mm	105	0
2018	39.4 °C14 July 2018	6.5 °C28 December 2018	20.6 °C	278 mm	86	0
2017	42.3 °C12 July 2017	4.2 °C19 January 2017	20.4 °C	172 mm	90	0
2016	39.4 °C16 June 2016	7.3 °C17 January 2016	20.9 °C	284 mm	86	0
2015	41.5 °C31 July 2015	4.3 °C1 January 2015	20.7 °C	265 mm	104	0
2014	40.5 °C13 May 2014	4.5 °C31 December 2014	20.9 °C	227 mm	111	0
2013	38.2 °C8 August 2013	6.8 °C27 February 2013	20.6 °C	227 mm	75	0
2012	42.4 °C11 July 2012	3.6 °C8 February 2012	20.9 °C	274 mm	112	0
2011	38.1 °C12 July 2011	6.1 °C1 March 2011	20.4 °C	249 mm	85	0
2010	38.5 °C21 August 2010	5.4 °C3 February 2010	20.7 °C	232 mm	83	0
2009	39.6 °C24 July 2009	5.1 °C21 December 2009	20.5 °C	354 mm	102	0
2008	39.4 °C8 August 2008	6.2 °C6 March 2008	20.6 °C	185 mm	87	0
2007	42.5 °C26 June 2007	4.4 °C18 December 2007	20.7 °C	267 mm	88	0
2006	41.3 °C22 May 2006	4.5 °C26 January 2006	20.6 °C	280 mm	94	0
2005	38.6 °C2 August 2005	3.8 °C27 January 2005	20.1 °C	198 mm	86	0
2004	40.8 °C10 August 2004	5.7 °C28 December 2004	20.3 °C	263 mm	98	0
2003	47.2 °C30 June 2003	5.5 °C28 December 2003	20.8 °C	429 mm	102	0
2002	41.2 °C5 August 2002	4.6 °C8 January 2002	20.5 °C	171 mm	89	0
2001	37.6 °C20 August 2001	6.4 °C11 January 2001	20.7 °C	132 mm	96	0
2000	42.4 °C7 July 2000	4.2 °C10 January 2000	20.5 °C	128 mm	93	0
1999	46.1 °C8 August 1999	2.4 °C1 February 1999	20.6 °C	264 mm	114	0
1998	42.6 °C2 July 1998	5.7 °C24 January 1998	20.1 °C	163 mm	96	0
1997	44.5 °C13 June 1997	5.5 °C30 December 1997	20.1 °C	387 mm	80	0
1996	40.0 °C29 July 1996	5.0 °C28 December 1996	19.8 °C	234 mm	69	0
1995	36.9 °C11 August 1995	4.8 °C18 January 1995	20.0 °C	272 mm	77	0
1994	42.7 °C15 August 1994	4.4 °C31 January 1994	20.6 °C	155 mm	104	0
1993	44.7 °C5 July 1993	4.8 °C25 February 1993	19.7 °C	203 mm	81	0
1992	37.0 °C24 August 1992	3.6 °C24 February 1992	19.4 °C	296 mm	76	0
1991	38.0 °C23 July 1991	4.2 °C8 January 1991	19.2 °C	260 mm	85	0
1990	39.3 °C26 September 1990	5.2 °C16 December 1990	20.2 °C	302 mm	113	0
1989	38.5 °C7 August 1989	5.5 °C2 February 1989	19.9 °C	162 mm	79	0
1988	42.8 °C2 September 1988	3.5 °C12 January 1988	20.0 °C	287 mm	74	0
1987	42.9 °C10 August 1987	4.8 °C21 January 1987	19.9 °C	215 mm	92	0
1986	37.3 °C26 July 1986	4.4 °C12 February 1986	19.7 °C	251 mm	74	0
1985	36.7 °C31 July 1985	2.9 °C10 January 1985	19.5 °C	195 mm	76	0
1984	41.3 °C25 July 1984	4.1 °C19 February 1984	19.0 °C	346 mm	68	0
1983	42.8 °C17 September 1983	3.3 °C14 January 1983	19.4 °C	204 mm	78	0
1982	44.7 °C1 August 1982	4.7 °C16 March 1982	20.0 °C	365 mm	94	0
1981	37.4 °C9 August 1981	3.3 °C8 January 1981	19.3 °C	156 mm	72	0
1980	42.7 °C9 July 1980	3.6 °C12 December 1980	18.9 °C	261 mm	61	0
1979	43.5 °C6 August 1979	3.5 °C18 January 1979	19.2 °C	263 mm	68	0
1978	39.5 °C5 July 1978	3.8 °C16 January 1978	18.8 °C	261 mm	45	0
1977	36.2 °C21 August 1977	5.9 °C22 December 1977	19.5 °C	228 mm	46	0
1976	40.2 °C16 August 1976	4.9 °C25 January 1976	18.7 °C	453 mm	50	0
1975	37.2 °C18 July 1975	5.5 °C7 January 1975	19.1 °C	334 mm	63	0
1974	35.2 °C22 August 1974	5.4 °C11 February 1974	18.9 °C	253 mm	63	0
1973	41.5 °C22 July 1973	4.9 °C1 March 1973	18.8 °C	510 mm	81	0
1972	36.3 °C2 August 1972	4.7 °C16 February 1972	18.7 °C	433 mm	42	0
1971	40.1 °C16 August 1971	3.9 °C3 March 1971	18.8 °C	327 mm	65	0
1970	42.4 °C22 July 1970	3.6 °C5 March 1970	19.3 °C	168 mm	70	0
1969	38.4 °C16 August 1969	3.9 °C5 January 1969	18.9 °C	729 mm	47	0
1968	40.1 °C15 September 1968	3.3 °C14 March 1968	19.4 °C	322 mm	63	0
1967	39.3 °C4 July 1967	4.4 °C11 February 1967	19.3 °C	237 mm	71	0
1966	37.9 °C5 August 1966	5.3 °C9 January 1966	19.6 °C	212 mm	79	0
1965	43.4 °C1 August 1965	4.3 °C10 February 1965	19.1 °C	228 mm	73	0
1964	41.4 °C22 August 1964	4.4 °C15 January 1964	19.2 °C	412 mm	90	0
1963	37.3 °C6 August 1963	2.6 °C31 January 1963	19.2 °C	270 mm	74	0
1962	45.0 °C12 July 1962	1.7 °C31 January 1962	19.2 °C	237 mm	72	0
1961	37.3 °C13 July 1961	5.6 °C21 December 1961	19.6 °C	123 mm	73	0
1960	43.1 °C12 August 1960	4.3 °C8 January 1960	19.5 °C	135 mm	74	0
1959	37.6 °C15 July 1959	4.0 °C19 January 1959	18.9 °C	244 mm	68	0
1958	38.7 °C21 June 1958	3.2 °C26 January 1958	18.9 °C	265 mm	62	0
1957	41.5 °C9 August 1957	2.4 °C20 January 1957	18.6 °C	355 mm	60	0
1956	44.9 °C21 July 1956	1.9 °C9 February 1956	18.4 °C	293 mm	69	0
1955	43.2 °C26 July 1955	5.3 °C10 March 1955	19.6 °C	316 mm	66	0
1954	40.0 °C30 June 1954	3.4 °C3 February 1954	18.6 °C	258 mm	60	0
1953	37.6 °C3 August 1953	1.5 °C23 January 1953	18.9 °C	362 mm	75	0
1952	39.0 °C12 June 1952	3.7 °C10 January 1952	19.8 °C	175 mm	120	0
1951	40.0 °C7 August 1951	4.1 °C2 January 1951	19.0 °C	248 mm	71	0
1950	37.1 °C20 June 1950	3.2 °C22 January 1950	19.0 °C	330 mm	97	0
1949	36.6 °C9 July 1949	3.2 °C5 March 1949	18.7 °C	242 mm	77	0
1948	43.1 °C5 July 1948	4.6 °C21 December 1948	19.1 °C	356 mm	78	0
1947	39.7 °C19 July 1947	3.7 °C28 January 1947	20.0 °C	184 mm	118	0
1946	43.4 °C17 August 1946	4.8 °C2 February 1946	19.8 °C	177 mm	114	0
1945	46.5 °C19 August 1945	2.3 °C2 January 1945	19.3 °C	101 mm	117	0
1944	43.2 °C22 July 1944	2.0 °C10 January 1944	18.5 °C	229 mm	93	0
1943	43.7 °C6 July 1943	4.1 °C31 January 1943	19.3 °C	364 mm	109	0
1942	39.3 °C11 July 1942	-1.0 °C3 January 1942	18.8 °C	214 mm	98	2
1941	45.3 °C4 August 1941	1.7 °C4 January 1941	18.4 °C	285 mm	89	0
1940	45.2 °C15 July 1940	0.7 °C31 December 1940	18.5 °C	205 mm	84	0

Normals computed over complete calendar years 1940–2025.

A specific year

Pick a year and see how it compares to normal — warmer, drier or more extreme than usual?

Year

Across the whole year

Average daily high

25.9 °C

+1.7 °C

Hot days (≥ 30 °C)

117 d/yr

+33

Frost days (< 0 °C)

0 d/yr

Annual rainfall

298 mm

+35 mm

Month by month

	High	vs. normal	Precipitation	vs. normal
Jan	18.4 °C	+1.8 °C	65 mm	+40 mm
Feb	18.1 °C	+0.6 °C	44 mm	+17 mm
Mar	21.7 °C	+2.2 °C	14 mm	-16 mm
Apr	22.8 °C	+1.0 °C	43 mm	+19 mm
May	27.0 °C	+1.5 °C	46 mm	+33 mm
Jun	32.4 °C	+3.1 °C	2 mm	-3 mm
Jul	35.2 °C	+2.7 °C	0 mm	-1 mm
Aug	33.3 °C	+0.5 °C	3 mm	-1 mm
Sep	31.4 °C	+1.6 °C	20 mm	-12 mm
Oct	28.1 °C	+2.1 °C	15 mm	-30 mm
Nov	23.0 °C	+1.4 °C	3 mm	-25 mm
Dec	19.2 °C	+1.5 °C	44 mm	+15 mm

The year's extremes

Hottest day

43.5 °C

21 Jul 2025

Coldest day

6.3 °C

1 Dec 2025

Wettest day

37.3 mm

15 May 2025

Windiest day

34.8 km/h

6 Dec 2025

Strongest gust

64.1 km/h

6 Dec 2025

Hottest feels-like

46.3 °C

21 Jul 2025

Coldest feels-like

3.4 °C

1 Dec 2025

Sunniest day

13.9 h

7 Jun 2025

What was the weather like that day?

Your birthday, a wedding, a memorable trip: discover the actual weather for any date since 1940.

Date

Frequently asked questions

What is the climate of Ksour Essaf?

Ksour Essaf has a hot desert climate (Köppen BWh). Over 1940-2025, the average annual temperature is 19.7 °C and it receives 263 mm of precipitation per year.

What is the hottest day ever recorded in Ksour Essaf?

The hottest day measured in Ksour Essaf between 1940 and 2025 was 25 July 2023, reaching 48.2 °C.

What is the coldest day in Ksour Essaf?

The coldest day measured in Ksour Essaf between 1940 and 2025 was 3 January 1942, at -1.0 °C.

Does it snow in Ksour Essaf?

Almost never: Ksour Essaf sees virtually no snow, with about 0 frost days per year.

Has the climate of Ksour Essaf warmed?

Yes: Ksour Essaf warmed by +2.4 °C between 1940 and 2025, a statistically significant trend.

What is the wettest day in Ksour Essaf?

The wettest day measured in Ksour Essaf between 1940 and 2025 was 21 October 1953, with 112 mm of rain in 24 hours.

What was the windiest day in Ksour Essaf?

The windiest day measured in Ksour Essaf between 1940 and 2025 was 21 January 1981, with winds reaching 58.7 km/h.

What is the warmest month in Ksour Essaf?

The warmest month in Ksour Essaf is August (27.8 °C on average); the coldest is January (12.5 °C).

How much does it rain in Ksour Essaf?

Ksour Essaf receives on average 263 mm of precipitation per year, spread over about 46 rainy days.

Is it sunny in Ksour Essaf?

Ksour Essaf gets on average 10.8 hours of sunshine per day, roughly 3,942 hours per year over 1940-2025.

Are there tropical nights in Ksour Essaf?

Yes: Ksour Essaf has on average 111 tropical nights per year (temperature staying above 20 °C), over 1940-2025.

What was the most extreme apparent temperature in Ksour Essaf?

In Ksour Essaf, between 1940 and 2025, the highest apparent temperature reached 48.7 °C on 30 June 2003, and the lowest was -5.2 °C on 18 February 1942.

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