Dumfries climate — normals and trends
Dumfries (United Kingdom) has a temperate oceanic climate (Cfb) under the Köppen-Geiger classification. Its mean annual temperature is 9.0 °C and it receives 992 mm of precipitation per year.
These figures are normals computed over 86 complete calendar years, from 1940 to 2025, using ERA5 reanalysis data from the Copernicus programme.
The warmest month is July (15.0 °C on average) and the coldest is January (3.6 °C). Rainfall peaks in October.
Dumfries averages 48 frost days, 0 hot days (≥ 30 °C) and 168 rainy days per year.
Dumfries has warmed by +1.6 °C between 1940 and 2025, or +0.18 °C per decade. This trend is statistically significant.
The number of frost days there went from about 67 to 29 per year over the period.
The hottest day of the period reached 30.4 °C (on 19 July 2022) and the coldest -17.9 °C (on 13 January 1979).
Data from ERA5 reanalysis (Copernicus Climate Change Service), redistributed under a CC-BY 4.0 licence. Normals are recomputed whenever the archive is updated.
Climate normals · ERA5
DumfriesScotland
- coords
- 55.07°, -3.61°
- period
- 1940–2025 · 86 yrs
Mean daily temperature
9.0°C
Average daily high
11.9°C
Average daily low
5.9°C
Annual rainfall
992mm
Sunshine / day
7.1h
Mean relative humidity
82%
Average peak wind
20.4km/h
Seasonal range
11.4°C
Frost days (< 0 °C)
48 d/yr
Hot days (≥ 30 °C)
0 d/yr
Rainy days (≥ 1 mm)
168 d/yr
Annual snowfall
27.5 cm
Average feels-like high
9.1 °C
Average feels-like low
2.9 °C
Average peak gust
40.9 km/h
Tropical nights (≥ 20 °C)
0 d/yr
Solar radiation
9.1 MJ/m²
Has the climate changed?
One stripe per year, 1940 to 2025
+1.6 °C
since 1940
+0.2 °C per decade · r² = 0.41 · p = < 0.001
Trend fitted by linear regression (ordinary least squares) on annual means. A trend is shown only when it is statistically significant (p < 0.05).
A climograph overlays rainfall (bars) and temperature (line): the standard reading in climatology, where you can see at a glance whether the warm season is also the dry one.
Records for the period
Hottest day
30.4 °C
19 July 2022
Coldest day
-17.9 °C
13 January 1979
Wettest day
68 mm
10 August 2004
Windiest day
65.0 km/h
26 December 1998
Strongest gust
127.8 km/h
12 January 1974
Hottest feels-like
33.8 °C
29 July 1948
Coldest feels-like
-22.1 °C
13 January 1979
Snowiest day
18.7 cm
24 April 1981
Sunniest day
16.8 h
27 June 2019
Normals computed over complete calendar years 1940–2025.
A specific year
Pick a year and see how it compares to normal — warmer, drier or more extreme than usual?
Across the whole year
Month by month
| High | vs. normal | Precipitation | vs. normal | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 6.0 °C | +0.2 °C | 59 mm | -33 mm |
| Feb | 7.4 °C | +1.0 °C | 70 mm | -6 mm |
| Mar | 11.3 °C | +2.9 °C | 27 mm | -46 mm |
| Apr | 14.4 °C | +3.3 °C | 50 mm | -16 mm |
| May | 17.5 °C | +3.2 °C | 57 mm | -16 mm |
| Jun | 17.6 °C | +0.7 °C | 96 mm | +26 mm |
| Jul | 19.8 °C | +1.5 °C | 84 mm | +6 mm |
| Aug | 19.7 °C | +1.7 °C | 66 mm | -23 mm |
| Sep | 15.9 °C | +0.2 °C | 135 mm | +48 mm |
| Oct | 12.8 °C | +0.2 °C | 87 mm | -13 mm |
| Nov | 9.9 °C | +1.1 °C | 170 mm | +79 mm |
| Dec | 8.5 °C | +1.8 °C | 159 mm | +60 mm |
The year's extremes
What was the weather like that day?
Your birthday, a wedding, a memorable trip: discover the actual weather for any date since 1940.
Frequently asked questions
What is the climate of Dumfries?
Dumfries has a temperate oceanic climate (Köppen Cfb). Over 1940-2025, the average annual temperature is 9.0 °C and it receives 992 mm of precipitation per year.
What is the hottest day ever recorded in Dumfries?
The hottest day measured in Dumfries between 1940 and 2025 was 19 July 2022, reaching 30.4 °C.
What is the coldest day in Dumfries?
The coldest day measured in Dumfries between 1940 and 2025 was 13 January 1979, at -17.9 °C.
Does it snow in Dumfries?
Yes. Dumfries gets on average 27.5 cm of snow per year and has around 48 frost days.
Has the climate of Dumfries warmed?
Yes: Dumfries warmed by +1.6 °C between 1940 and 2025, a statistically significant trend.
What is the wettest day in Dumfries?
The wettest day measured in Dumfries between 1940 and 2025 was 10 August 2004, with 68 mm of rain in 24 hours.
What was the windiest day in Dumfries?
The windiest day measured in Dumfries between 1940 and 2025 was 26 December 1998, with winds reaching 65.0 km/h.
What is the warmest month in Dumfries?
The warmest month in Dumfries is July (15.0 °C on average); the coldest is January (3.6 °C).
How much does it rain in Dumfries?
Dumfries receives on average 992 mm of precipitation per year, spread over about 168 rainy days.
Is it sunny in Dumfries?
Dumfries gets on average 7.1 hours of sunshine per day, roughly 2,592 hours per year over 1940-2025.
What is the biggest single-day snowfall in Dumfries?
The heaviest 24-hour snowfall measured in Dumfries between 1940 and 2025 was 24 April 1981, with 18.7 cm.
Are there tropical nights in Dumfries?
Almost never: tropical nights (temperature staying above 20 °C) are virtually non-existent in Dumfries.
What was the most extreme apparent temperature in Dumfries?
In Dumfries, between 1940 and 2025, the highest apparent temperature reached 33.8 °C on 29 July 1948, and the lowest was -22.1 °C on 13 January 1979.
Compare Dumfries with another city
Pick a second city: its normals will be set against these, indicator by indicator.
Nearby cities
The climate around Dumfries