Frederick climate — normals and trends
Frederick (United States) has a hot-summer humid continental climate (Dfa) under the Köppen-Geiger classification. Its mean annual temperature is 12.3 °C and it receives 1,013 mm of precipitation per year.
These figures are normals computed over 86 complete calendar years, from 1940 to 2025, using ERA5 reanalysis data from the Copernicus programme.
The warmest month is July (24.6 °C on average) and the coldest is January (-0.2 °C). Rainfall peaks in May.
Frederick averages 88 frost days, 46 hot days (≥ 30 °C) and 116 rainy days per year.
Frederick has warmed by +1.9 °C between 1940 and 2025, or +0.22 °C per decade. This trend is statistically significant.
The number of frost days there went from about 99 to 77 per year over the period.
The hottest day of the period reached 39.9 °C (on 16 July 2024) and the coldest -25.8 °C (on 29 January 1963).
Data from ERA5 reanalysis (Copernicus Climate Change Service), redistributed under a CC-BY 4.0 licence. Normals are recomputed whenever the archive is updated.
Climate normals · ERA5
FrederickMaryland
- coords
- 39.41°, -77.41°
- period
- 1940–2025 · 86 yrs
Mean daily temperature
12.3°C
Average daily high
17.5°C
Average daily low
7.7°C
Annual rainfall
1,013mm
Sunshine / day
8.9h
Mean relative humidity
67%
Average peak wind
14.9km/h
Seasonal range
24.8°C
Frost days (< 0 °C)
88 d/yr
Hot days (≥ 30 °C)
46 d/yr
Rainy days (≥ 1 mm)
116 d/yr
Annual snowfall
57.9 cm
Average feels-like high
16.2 °C
Average feels-like low
5.6 °C
Average peak gust
36.5 km/h
Tropical nights (≥ 20 °C)
40 d/yr
Solar radiation
14.9 MJ/m²
Has the climate changed?
One stripe per year, 1940 to 2025
+1.9 °C
since 1940
+0.2 °C per decade · r² = 0.45 · p = < 0.001
Trend fitted by linear regression (ordinary least squares) on annual means. A trend is shown only when it is statistically significant (p < 0.05).
A climograph overlays rainfall (bars) and temperature (line): the standard reading in climatology, where you can see at a glance whether the warm season is also the dry one.
Records for the period
Hottest day
39.9 °C
16 July 2024
Coldest day
-25.8 °C
29 January 1963
Wettest day
107 mm
30 September 2010
Windiest day
46.0 km/h
3 April 1975
Strongest gust
115.9 km/h
19 September 2003
Hottest feels-like
44.9 °C
22 July 2011
Coldest feels-like
-31.3 °C
19 January 1994
Snowiest day
41.9 cm
13 March 1993
Sunniest day
14.4 h
1 July 2010
Normals computed over complete calendar years 1940–2025.
A specific year
Pick a year and see how it compares to normal — warmer, drier or more extreme than usual?
Across the whole year
Month by month
| High | vs. normal | Precipitation | vs. normal | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 2.1 °C | -1.8 °C | 40 mm | -36 mm |
| Feb | 6.1 °C | +0.2 °C | 61 mm | -13 mm |
| Mar | 15.9 °C | +4.9 °C | 61 mm | -31 mm |
| Apr | 19.4 °C | +1.9 °C | 75 mm | -14 mm |
| May | 22.6 °C | -0.2 °C | 213 mm | +115 mm |
| Jun | 29.0 °C | +1.3 °C | 111 mm | +26 mm |
| Jul | 31.6 °C | +1.5 °C | 155 mm | +68 mm |
| Aug | 27.7 °C | -1.2 °C | 41 mm | -41 mm |
| Sep | 26.3 °C | +1.2 °C | 60 mm | -27 mm |
| Oct | 19.3 °C | +0.5 °C | 54 mm | -23 mm |
| Nov | 12.6 °C | +0.6 °C | 39 mm | -43 mm |
| Dec | 4.8 °C | -1.2 °C | 57 mm | -25 mm |
The year's extremes
What was the weather like that day?
Your birthday, a wedding, a memorable trip: discover the actual weather for any date since 1940.
Frequently asked questions
What is the climate of Frederick?
Frederick has a hot-summer humid continental climate (Köppen Dfa). Over 1940-2025, the average annual temperature is 12.3 °C and it receives 1,013 mm of precipitation per year.
What is the hottest day ever recorded in Frederick?
The hottest day measured in Frederick between 1940 and 2025 was 16 July 2024, reaching 39.9 °C.
What is the coldest day in Frederick?
The coldest day measured in Frederick between 1940 and 2025 was 29 January 1963, at -25.8 °C.
Does it snow in Frederick?
Yes. Frederick gets on average 57.9 cm of snow per year and has around 88 frost days.
Has the climate of Frederick warmed?
Yes: Frederick warmed by +1.9 °C between 1940 and 2025, a statistically significant trend.
What is the wettest day in Frederick?
The wettest day measured in Frederick between 1940 and 2025 was 30 September 2010, with 107 mm of rain in 24 hours.
What was the windiest day in Frederick?
The windiest day measured in Frederick between 1940 and 2025 was 3 April 1975, with winds reaching 46.0 km/h.
What is the warmest month in Frederick?
The warmest month in Frederick is July (24.6 °C on average); the coldest is January (-0.2 °C).
How much does it rain in Frederick?
Frederick receives on average 1,013 mm of precipitation per year, spread over about 116 rainy days.
Is it sunny in Frederick?
Frederick gets on average 8.9 hours of sunshine per day, roughly 3,249 hours per year over 1940-2025.
What is the biggest single-day snowfall in Frederick?
The heaviest 24-hour snowfall measured in Frederick between 1940 and 2025 was 13 March 1993, with 41.9 cm.
Are there tropical nights in Frederick?
Yes: Frederick has on average 40 tropical nights per year (temperature staying above 20 °C), over 1940-2025.
What was the most extreme apparent temperature in Frederick?
In Frederick, between 1940 and 2025, the highest apparent temperature reached 44.9 °C on 22 July 2011, and the lowest was -31.3 °C on 19 January 1994.
Compare Frederick with another city
Pick a second city: its normals will be set against these, indicator by indicator.
Nearby cities
The climate around Frederick