Mashhad climate — normals and trends

Mashhad (Iran) has a cold semi-arid climate (BSk) under the Köppen-Geiger classification. Its mean annual temperature is 11.9 °C and it receives 278 mm of precipitation per year.

These figures are normals computed over 86 complete calendar years, from 1940 to 2025, using ERA5 reanalysis data from the Copernicus programme.

The warmest month is July (24.7 °C on average) and the coldest is January (-1.1 °C). Rainfall peaks in March.

Mashhad averages 105 frost days, 60 hot days (≥ 30 °C) and 56 rainy days per year.

Mashhad has warmed by +2.4 °C between 1940 and 2025, or +0.28 °C per decade. This trend is statistically significant.

The number of frost days there went from about 123 to 87 per year over the period.

The hottest day of the period reached 39.9 °C (on 3 July 1958) and the coldest -23.8 °C (on 26 January 1973).

Data from ERA5 reanalysis (Copernicus Climate Change Service), redistributed under a CC-BY 4.0 licence. Normals are recomputed whenever the archive is updated.

Climate normals · ERA5

MashhadRazavi Khorasan

coords
36.30°, 59.61°
period
19402025 · 86 yrs
BSkCold semi-aridWarmest monthJulyColdest monthJanuaryWettest monthMarchDriest monthJuly

Mean daily temperature

11.9°C

Average daily high

18.4°C

Average daily low

5.9°C

Annual rainfall

278mm

Sunshine / day

10.9h

Mean relative humidity

53%

Average peak wind

14.5km/h

Seasonal range

25.8°C

Frost days (< 0 °C)

105 d/yr

Hot days (≥ 30 °C)

60 d/yr

Rainy days (≥ 1 mm)

56 d/yr

Annual snowfall

63.6 cm

Average feels-like high

15.8 °C

Average feels-like low

3.0 °C

Average peak gust

32.7 km/h

Tropical nights (≥ 20 °C)

7 d/yr

Solar radiation

19.3 MJ/m²

Has the climate changed?

One stripe per year, 1940 to 2025

+2.4 °C

since 1940

+0.3 °C per decade · r² = 0.36 · p = < 0.001

1940Each stripe is one year, from 1940 (left) to 2025 (right). Blue = colder than the period average, red = warmer.2025

Trend fitted by linear regression (ordinary least squares) on annual means. A trend is shown only when it is statistically significant (p < 0.05).

A climograph overlays rainfall (bars) and temperature (line): the standard reading in climatology, where you can see at a glance whether the warm season is also the dry one.

Records for the period

Hottest day

39.9 °C

3 July 1958

Coldest day

-23.8 °C

26 January 1973

Wettest day

36 mm

12 April 1974

Windiest day

46.1 km/h

17 March 1948

Strongest gust

96.1 km/h

17 March 1948

Hottest feels-like

39.4 °C

6 July 1998

Coldest feels-like

-28.8 °C

21 January 1964

Snowiest day

19.7 cm

7 March 2013

Sunniest day

14.0 h

20 May 1940

YearHottest dayColdest dayAnnual meanRainfallHot daysFrost days
202536.2 °C1 July 2025-14.7 °C11 February 202514.2 °C220 mm10096
202436.6 °C27 July 2024-19.8 °C16 December 202413.4 °C303 mm7183
202337.7 °C11 July 2023-18.1 °C12 January 202314.8 °C132 mm9259
202237.7 °C29 June 2022-7.6 °C7 January 202214.2 °C232 mm7068
202139.1 °C6 July 2021-11.1 °C7 January 202114.4 °C128 mm10281
202037.9 °C21 June 2020-12.6 °C15 January 202012.4 °C380 mm66106
201938.0 °C13 July 2019-11.5 °C21 February 201913.6 °C405 mm7584
201837.3 °C15 July 2018-12.7 °C29 January 201814.1 °C280 mm7964
201737.0 °C15 June 2017-16.0 °C5 February 201713.6 °C233 mm7893
201637.5 °C20 July 2016-15.0 °C25 November 201613.8 °C260 mm7774
201536.4 °C17 August 2015-11.4 °C11 December 201513.4 °C275 mm7685
201438.7 °C27 July 2014-19.7 °C3 February 201412.9 °C231 mm84109
201335.9 °C3 July 2013-14.5 °C1 January 201313.4 °C213 mm8073
201235.8 °C10 July 2012-18.5 °C28 December 201212.2 °C357 mm63103
201135.8 °C3 August 2011-11.0 °C14 January 201112.5 °C298 mm77113
201038.6 °C15 July 2010-13.1 °C29 January 201013.9 °C241 mm7769
200935.6 °C9 August 2009-13.5 °C5 February 200912.7 °C360 mm5482
200835.8 °C13 June 2008-22.3 °C8 January 200812.5 °C153 mm8095
200734.3 °C20 June 2007-15.0 °C28 February 200712.4 °C289 mm7195
200635.1 °C29 July 2006-15.2 °C17 January 200613.4 °C197 mm8091
200537.5 °C21 June 2005-13.2 °C12 February 200512.9 °C316 mm6290
200438.3 °C13 August 2004-9.2 °C30 December 200413.1 °C310 mm5887
200336.6 °C19 July 2003-16.0 °C13 December 200312.4 °C330 mm5594
200236.7 °C10 August 2002-13.5 °C4 December 200213.1 °C249 mm6888
200135.7 °C31 August 2001-16.4 °C29 January 200113.6 °C169 mm6979
200034.3 °C24 June 2000-12.8 °C9 February 200012.8 °C225 mm71101
199935.8 °C30 August 1999-10.6 °C3 January 199912.8 °C295 mm6290
199839.3 °C6 July 1998-13.0 °C18 February 199812.8 °C315 mm5289
199737.4 °C15 August 1997-12.6 °C2 February 199712.6 °C335 mm61109
199635.7 °C9 September 1996-13.8 °C15 January 199611.9 °C319 mm70111
199537.6 °C16 July 1995-13.1 °C27 February 199512.7 °C230 mm64106
199435.7 °C17 June 1994-12.6 °C20 February 199412.1 °C248 mm5392
199334.3 °C18 June 1993-12.4 °C18 February 199311.3 °C295 mm48117
199234.9 °C19 June 1992-18.5 °C29 January 199210.6 °C346 mm39119
199137.2 °C8 July 1991-17.5 °C14 February 199111.5 °C389 mm51105
199035.6 °C30 July 1990-18.1 °C31 December 199011.6 °C169 mm61124
198936.6 °C8 July 1989-19.6 °C31 January 198910.3 °C201 mm60137
198838.2 °C17 June 1988-14.6 °C8 February 198811.8 °C291 mm54106
198734.0 °C21 July 1987-9.9 °C17 February 198711.8 °C263 mm54114
198633.4 °C16 July 1986-15.9 °C29 January 198610.5 °C297 mm40129
198535.6 °C26 June 1985-16.3 °C12 March 198511.4 °C198 mm44109
198434.7 °C28 August 1984-22.6 °C7 February 198410.4 °C248 mm60115
198336.7 °C28 July 1983-17.6 °C14 January 198311.4 °C235 mm57117
198233.5 °C1 August 1982-18.2 °C19 January 198210.0 °C292 mm33140
198135.2 °C13 July 1981-8.6 °C30 December 198111.9 °C270 mm34103
198035.9 °C20 August 1980-23.1 °C4 February 198012.1 °C260 mm65101
197936.0 °C18 July 1979-17.3 °C28 January 197911.6 °C330 mm59109
197836.6 °C1 July 1978-20.2 °C16 January 197811.6 °C300 mm53119
197737.0 °C21 June 1977-18.9 °C15 January 197712.0 °C292 mm7590
197636.4 °C13 July 1976-16.5 °C18 February 197610.8 °C391 mm69134
197536.2 °C9 July 1975-17.8 °C6 December 197511.3 °C265 mm62122
197434.5 °C1 July 1974-19.1 °C6 February 197410.3 °C344 mm45123
197336.4 °C30 July 1973-23.8 °C26 January 197311.6 °C249 mm72118
197236.1 °C23 June 1972-22.3 °C1 February 19729.5 °C408 mm35125
197136.1 °C10 July 1971-15.5 °C26 January 197112.3 °C237 mm6395
197035.5 °C24 June 1970-16.8 °C14 January 197012.0 °C211 mm64113
196935.3 °C29 June 1969-22.5 °C6 January 196910.6 °C366 mm40114
196834.6 °C5 July 1968-22.9 °C7 February 196811.4 °C366 mm57105
196735.3 °C20 July 1967-18.9 °C8 January 196710.8 °C337 mm51114
196636.4 °C13 June 1966-12.8 °C30 December 196612.7 °C205 mm5199
196536.5 °C14 July 1965-15.3 °C23 December 196511.8 °C279 mm52114
196436.1 °C14 August 1964-23.0 °C21 January 196410.0 °C313 mm49129
196335.3 °C25 July 1963-17.6 °C29 December 196312.3 °C364 mm4896
196233.9 °C5 July 1962-10.9 °C20 January 196211.2 °C228 mm31103
196135.2 °C12 July 1961-17.1 °C2 February 196111.4 °C321 mm53131
196036.6 °C6 July 1960-17.1 °C21 March 196011.3 °C286 mm37124
195935.5 °C10 August 1959-22.6 °C15 December 195910.6 °C342 mm50129
195839.9 °C3 July 1958-9.9 °C21 January 195812.2 °C237 mm58104
195735.0 °C6 August 1957-16.1 °C23 November 195710.1 °C361 mm25122
195635.0 °C20 July 1956-14.6 °C21 December 195611.0 °C281 mm44120
195537.3 °C9 August 1955-11.3 °C11 January 195512.5 °C274 mm5694
195434.1 °C30 August 1954-14.2 °C23 February 195410.9 °C376 mm31114
195336.5 °C16 June 1953-18.0 °C24 December 195310.9 °C484 mm54127
195234.8 °C13 June 1952-14.6 °C13 January 195211.0 °C338 mm57124
195135.6 °C2 August 1951-23.3 °C9 February 195111.3 °C351 mm49123
195035.7 °C6 July 1950-22.2 °C8 February 195010.4 °C270 mm46122
194934.8 °C3 July 1949-19.2 °C3 January 194910.2 °C333 mm44146
194833.8 °C7 July 1948-20.9 °C21 December 194811.5 °C254 mm55125
194735.4 °C3 July 1947-16.8 °C7 February 194712.4 °C235 mm5387
194634.8 °C31 May 1946-19.7 °C26 January 194611.9 °C151 mm50116
194535.4 °C16 July 1945-20.0 °C21 December 194511.3 °C246 mm59121
194437.5 °C8 July 1944-13.0 °C16 December 194412.3 °C218 mm5798
194335.7 °C6 July 1943-20.8 °C13 February 194311.2 °C280 mm51116
194236.1 °C3 July 1942-13.7 °C28 December 194213.0 °C165 mm7488
194136.9 °C27 August 1941-9.9 °C23 January 194113.9 °C179 mm8290
194035.6 °C29 May 1940-19.9 °C14 January 194011.9 °C135 mm67108

Normals computed over complete calendar years 1940–2025.

A specific year

Pick a year and see how it compares to normal — warmer, drier or more extreme than usual?

Across the whole year

Average daily high
20.7 °C
+2.3 °C
Hot days (≥ 30 °C)
100 d/yr
+40
Frost days (< 0 °C)
96 d/yr
-9
Annual rainfall
220 mm
-58 mm

Month by month

Highvs. normalPrecipitationvs. normal
Jan6.3 °C+1.8 °C17 mm-13 mm
Feb5.7 °C-0.5 °C42 mm+0 mm
Mar13.8 °C+2.5 °C57 mm-7 mm
Apr23.0 °C+5.0 °C39 mm-16 mm
May28.0 °C+4.2 °C2 mm-28 mm
Jun29.4 °C+0.2 °C4 mm-1 mm
Jul33.3 °C+1.9 °C0 mm-1 mm
Aug31.8 °C+1.8 °C0 mm-1 mm
Sep27.7 °C+1.5 °C2 mm+0 mm
Oct23.9 °C+3.9 °C0 mm-9 mm
Nov17.3 °C+4.4 °C4 mm-13 mm
Dec7.7 °C+0.7 °C53 mm+31 mm

The year's extremes

Hottest day
36.2 °C
1 Jul 2025
Coldest day
-14.7 °C
11 Feb 2025
Wettest day
19.5 mm
17 Dec 2025
Windiest day
27.9 km/h
30 Aug 2025
Strongest gust
61.6 km/h
30 Aug 2025
Hottest feels-like
34.9 °C
14 May 2025
Coldest feels-like
-19.6 °C
11 Feb 2025
Snowiest day
9.0 cm
9 Feb 2025
Sunniest day
14.0 h
18 May 2025

What was the weather like that day?

Your birthday, a wedding, a memorable trip: discover the actual weather for any date since 1940.

Date

Frequently asked questions

What is the climate of Mashhad?

Mashhad has a cold semi-arid climate (Köppen BSk). Over 1940-2025, the average annual temperature is 11.9 °C and it receives 278 mm of precipitation per year.

What is the hottest day ever recorded in Mashhad?

The hottest day measured in Mashhad between 1940 and 2025 was 3 July 1958, reaching 39.9 °C.

What is the coldest day in Mashhad?

The coldest day measured in Mashhad between 1940 and 2025 was 26 January 1973, at -23.8 °C.

Does it snow in Mashhad?

Yes. Mashhad gets on average 63.6 cm of snow per year and has around 105 frost days.

Has the climate of Mashhad warmed?

Yes: Mashhad warmed by +2.4 °C between 1940 and 2025, a statistically significant trend.

What is the wettest day in Mashhad?

The wettest day measured in Mashhad between 1940 and 2025 was 12 April 1974, with 36 mm of rain in 24 hours.

What was the windiest day in Mashhad?

The windiest day measured in Mashhad between 1940 and 2025 was 17 March 1948, with winds reaching 46.1 km/h.

What is the warmest month in Mashhad?

The warmest month in Mashhad is July (24.7 °C on average); the coldest is January (-1.1 °C).

How much does it rain in Mashhad?

Mashhad receives on average 278 mm of precipitation per year, spread over about 56 rainy days.

Is it sunny in Mashhad?

Mashhad gets on average 10.9 hours of sunshine per day, roughly 3,979 hours per year over 1940-2025.

What is the biggest single-day snowfall in Mashhad?

The heaviest 24-hour snowfall measured in Mashhad between 1940 and 2025 was 7 March 2013, with 19.7 cm.

Are there tropical nights in Mashhad?

Yes: Mashhad has on average 7 tropical nights per year (temperature staying above 20 °C), over 1940-2025.

What was the most extreme apparent temperature in Mashhad?

In Mashhad, between 1940 and 2025, the highest apparent temperature reached 39.4 °C on 6 July 1998, and the lowest was -28.8 °C on 21 January 1964.

Compare Mashhad with another city

Pick a second city: its normals will be set against these, indicator by indicator.

Nearby cities

The climate around Mashhad

Other cities — Iran