Sahand climate — normals and trends

Sahand (Iran) has a cold semi-arid climate (BSk) under the Köppen-Geiger classification. Its mean annual temperature is 12.1 °C and it receives 261 mm of precipitation per year.

These figures are normals computed over 86 complete calendar years, from 1940 to 2025, using ERA5 reanalysis data from the Copernicus programme.

The warmest month is July (25.8 °C on average) and the coldest is January (-1.9 °C). Rainfall peaks in April.

Sahand averages 107 frost days, 83 hot days (≥ 30 °C) and 60 rainy days per year.

Sahand has warmed by +3.1 °C between 1940 and 2025, or +0.37 °C per decade. This trend is statistically significant.

The number of frost days there went from about 126 to 88 per year over the period.

The hottest day of the period reached 41.6 °C (on 2 July 2018) and the coldest -25.0 °C (on 3 March 1985).

Data from ERA5 reanalysis (Copernicus Climate Change Service), redistributed under a CC-BY 4.0 licence. Normals are recomputed whenever the archive is updated.

Climate normals · ERA5

SahandEast Azerbaijan Province

coords
37.95°, 46.11°
period
19402025 · 86 yrs
BSkCold semi-aridWarmest monthJulyColdest monthJanuaryWettest monthAprilDriest monthAugust

Mean daily temperature

12.1°C

Average daily high

18.7°C

Average daily low

6.1°C

Annual rainfall

261mm

Sunshine / day

11.0h

Mean relative humidity

52%

Average peak wind

16.3km/h

Seasonal range

27.7°C

Frost days (< 0 °C)

107 d/yr

Hot days (≥ 30 °C)

83 d/yr

Rainy days (≥ 1 mm)

60 d/yr

Annual snowfall

41.4 cm

Average feels-like high

16.2 °C

Average feels-like low

3.0 °C

Average peak gust

33.2 km/h

Tropical nights (≥ 20 °C)

11 d/yr

Solar radiation

18.8 MJ/m²

Has the climate changed?

One stripe per year, 1940 to 2025

+3.1 °C

since 1940

+0.4 °C per decade · r² = 0.51 · p = < 0.001

1940Each stripe is one year, from 1940 (left) to 2025 (right). Blue = colder than the period average, red = warmer.2025

Trend fitted by linear regression (ordinary least squares) on annual means. A trend is shown only when it is statistically significant (p < 0.05).

A climograph overlays rainfall (bars) and temperature (line): the standard reading in climatology, where you can see at a glance whether the warm season is also the dry one.

Records for the period

Hottest day

41.6 °C

2 July 2018

Coldest day

-25.0 °C

3 March 1985

Wettest day

32 mm

29 January 2013

Windiest day

51.1 km/h

21 April 2015

Strongest gust

98.3 km/h

19 March 1997

Hottest feels-like

42.5 °C

8 July 2011

Coldest feels-like

-30.3 °C

3 March 1985

Snowiest day

13.1 cm

18 November 2001

Sunniest day

14.0 h

18 May 1940

YearHottest dayColdest dayAnnual meanRainfallHot daysFrost days
202541.3 °C4 August 2025-9.9 °C10 February 202514.4 °C178 mm103100
202439.2 °C5 August 2024-10.1 °C15 December 202414.3 °C302 mm10487
202339.6 °C11 August 2023-9.0 °C10 January 202314.8 °C242 mm9776
202240.7 °C14 July 2022-17.1 °C23 January 202214.3 °C218 mm11381
202140.0 °C24 June 2021-12.6 °C29 December 202114.7 °C175 mm11890
202040.3 °C21 July 2020-16.4 °C11 February 202013.3 °C250 mm10886
201940.2 °C22 July 2019-10.6 °C19 January 201913.7 °C267 mm10693
201841.6 °C2 July 2018-10.6 °C29 January 201814.7 °C428 mm9557
201739.4 °C5 July 2017-13.5 °C5 January 201713.7 °C166 mm10997
201638.4 °C22 July 2016-18.8 °C28 January 201613.3 °C274 mm8484
201539.8 °C3 July 2015-13.9 °C5 December 201513.8 °C264 mm10293
201438.8 °C17 July 2014-11.3 °C3 February 201413.7 °C226 mm9890
201337.4 °C17 July 2013-12.9 °C29 December 201313.2 °C270 mm9077
201238.9 °C15 August 2012-16.9 °C22 January 201213.5 °C242 mm94103
201140.7 °C8 July 2011-9.5 °C4 February 201112.7 °C217 mm85104
201039.8 °C12 July 2010-12.2 °C7 February 201014.7 °C245 mm10272
200937.2 °C13 July 2009-10.1 °C14 January 200913.0 °C266 mm7978
200840.3 °C5 August 2008-17.1 °C15 January 200813.2 °C161 mm9493
200737.7 °C13 August 2007-15.1 °C11 January 200712.6 °C285 mm96107
200640.2 °C10 August 2006-11.4 °C28 January 200613.6 °C246 mm105106
200538.3 °C18 July 2005-10.4 °C29 December 200513.3 °C190 mm85104
200437.3 °C19 August 2004-13.9 °C13 December 200413.0 °C264 mm9395
200340.1 °C12 August 2003-10.0 °C28 February 200313.2 °C297 mm8783
200236.1 °C23 July 2002-12.6 °C28 December 200213.2 °C239 mm9892
200138.8 °C3 August 2001-12.1 °C20 November 200114.0 °C220 mm9177
200039.0 °C30 July 2000-15.9 °C8 February 200013.2 °C193 mm93100
199939.1 °C3 August 1999-11.7 °C6 February 199913.7 °C169 mm93106
199839.0 °C23 June 1998-15.7 °C16 February 199813.8 °C170 mm10788
199737.6 °C28 July 1997-18.6 °C9 March 199712.6 °C186 mm85106
199638.0 °C1 August 1996-12.3 °C3 February 199613.1 °C278 mm8392
199537.4 °C5 August 1995-9.3 °C20 December 199512.7 °C240 mm84103
199435.4 °C4 July 1994-14.1 °C6 December 199412.4 °C319 mm7990
199337.0 °C16 July 1993-13.6 °C30 November 199311.3 °C334 mm82130
199236.7 °C30 July 1992-14.4 °C8 March 199210.8 °C330 mm55113
199138.7 °C2 August 1991-12.9 °C12 March 199112.4 °C285 mm76103
199037.6 °C18 July 1990-20.4 °C9 January 199011.1 °C232 mm74117
198938.7 °C21 July 1989-19.3 °C3 February 198911.4 °C171 mm85110
198837.0 °C31 July 1988-16.8 °C29 December 198810.6 °C327 mm58129
198736.0 °C18 July 1987-16.8 °C31 December 198711.5 °C281 mm71123
198637.2 °C8 July 1986-17.1 °C21 January 198610.7 °C282 mm75129
198536.1 °C13 July 1985-25.0 °C3 March 198510.8 °C232 mm84117
198437.3 °C10 July 1984-16.0 °C11 December 198410.7 °C250 mm78132
198339.6 °C16 July 1983-22.7 °C27 January 198310.8 °C148 mm65120
198237.2 °C19 July 1982-20.9 °C21 January 19829.7 °C263 mm73142
198137.7 °C17 July 1981-9.5 °C20 January 198111.7 °C344 mm68119
198038.4 °C27 July 1980-15.1 °C17 January 198012.6 °C283 mm92117
197938.6 °C12 July 1979-14.3 °C2 March 197913.1 °C227 mm8494
197840.1 °C18 July 1978-10.9 °C24 November 197812.7 °C280 mm86114
197737.8 °C25 August 1977-19.3 °C16 January 197712.0 °C267 mm82102
197639.5 °C8 August 1976-17.5 °C2 March 197612.0 °C228 mm80113
197539.7 °C5 August 1975-16.2 °C5 December 197511.8 °C290 mm83118
197438.2 °C2 July 1974-16.9 °C2 February 197411.3 °C310 mm62109
197340.2 °C28 July 1973-18.9 °C26 January 197311.4 °C215 mm80122
197239.0 °C12 July 1972-22.8 °C1 February 197210.0 °C392 mm71133
197137.3 °C22 July 1971-17.7 °C27 January 197111.9 °C308 mm8697
197036.8 °C13 August 1970-15.9 °C29 January 197012.8 °C211 mm8788
196936.9 °C21 August 1969-16.7 °C16 February 196911.6 °C444 mm77108
196837.4 °C28 July 1968-21.8 °C5 February 196811.9 °C384 mm6594
196737.3 °C4 August 1967-23.7 °C3 February 196710.8 °C387 mm73123
196640.1 °C26 July 1966-9.7 °C23 March 196613.4 °C259 mm8690
196538.3 °C15 July 1965-16.4 °C1 February 196511.5 °C272 mm85124
196437.3 °C17 July 1964-21.9 °C22 January 196410.5 °C238 mm91112
196337.4 °C23 July 1963-14.7 °C26 December 196312.0 °C412 mm8299
196238.8 °C21 July 1962-14.1 °C6 January 196212.2 °C212 mm7996
196138.6 °C28 July 1961-14.0 °C2 March 196111.8 °C199 mm72116
196035.6 °C26 June 1960-15.0 °C14 March 196011.8 °C194 mm71119
195937.6 °C18 July 1959-18.7 °C28 February 195910.9 °C190 mm69126
195837.6 °C29 July 1958-14.6 °C2 February 195812.3 °C186 mm80103
195739.0 °C31 July 1957-21.5 °C22 January 195710.4 °C356 mm80115
195638.5 °C5 August 1956-15.0 °C1 April 195610.7 °C266 mm67124
195539.4 °C12 August 1955-9.4 °C7 January 195513.0 °C193 mm8989
195437.6 °C16 July 1954-19.1 °C15 January 195411.7 °C321 mm86118
195339.9 °C15 July 1953-17.1 °C11 December 195311.1 °C352 mm71121
195237.4 °C27 July 1952-12.8 °C2 January 195211.9 °C318 mm75113
195139.6 °C28 July 1951-17.1 °C26 December 195112.1 °C292 mm89102
195038.5 °C9 August 1950-22.0 °C28 January 195011.2 °C218 mm77116
194939.8 °C15 July 1949-21.5 °C8 January 194910.4 °C264 mm84134
194838.1 °C19 July 1948-21.8 °C30 December 194810.9 °C285 mm75137
194737.6 °C16 July 1947-20.0 °C3 February 194711.6 °C248 mm60101
194636.1 °C26 July 1946-21.5 °C29 January 194610.1 °C285 mm43134
194535.7 °C13 July 1945-16.3 °C8 January 19459.9 °C233 mm60143
194436.9 °C27 July 1944-16.5 °C16 January 194411.2 °C270 mm67125
194337.9 °C13 July 1943-13.8 °C28 February 194311.4 °C195 mm76127
194238.8 °C18 July 1942-18.4 °C6 January 194211.7 °C294 mm76114
194136.3 °C20 July 1941-12.7 °C15 January 194112.0 °C232 mm79118
194037.5 °C15 July 1940-17.3 °C12 January 194011.7 °C254 mm75117

Normals computed over complete calendar years 1940–2025.

A specific year

Pick a year and see how it compares to normal — warmer, drier or more extreme than usual?

Across the whole year

Average daily high
21.4 °C
+2.7 °C
Hot days (≥ 30 °C)
103 d/yr
+20
Frost days (< 0 °C)
100 d/yr
-7
Annual rainfall
178 mm
-83 mm

Month by month

Highvs. normalPrecipitationvs. normal
Jan6.2 °C+3.0 °C3 mm-20 mm
Feb5.1 °C-0.3 °C33 mm+4 mm
Mar16.0 °C+5.2 °C20 mm-26 mm
Apr20.7 °C+3.3 °C32 mm-15 mm
May27.3 °C+3.9 °C18 mm-16 mm
Jun31.4 °C+1.7 °C8 mm-3 mm
Jul35.2 °C+1.5 °C3 mm-1 mm
Aug37.6 °C+4.3 °C0 mm-3 mm
Sep29.0 °C+0.5 °C4 mm+1 mm
Oct23.5 °C+2.7 °C9 mm-5 mm
Nov16.1 °C+3.8 °C5 mm-20 mm
Dec7.8 °C+2.0 °C45 mm+21 mm

The year's extremes

Hottest day
41.3 °C
4 Aug 2025
Coldest day
-9.9 °C
10 Feb 2025
Wettest day
14.0 mm
15 Apr 2025
Windiest day
39.7 km/h
25 Apr 2025
Strongest gust
76.0 km/h
25 Apr 2025
Hottest feels-like
41.7 °C
4 Aug 2025
Coldest feels-like
-14.4 °C
10 Feb 2025
Snowiest day
8.0 cm
6 Feb 2025
Sunniest day
14.0 h
19 May 2025

What was the weather like that day?

Your birthday, a wedding, a memorable trip: discover the actual weather for any date since 1940.

Date

Frequently asked questions

What is the climate of Sahand?

Sahand has a cold semi-arid climate (Köppen BSk). Over 1940-2025, the average annual temperature is 12.1 °C and it receives 261 mm of precipitation per year.

What is the hottest day ever recorded in Sahand?

The hottest day measured in Sahand between 1940 and 2025 was 2 July 2018, reaching 41.6 °C.

What is the coldest day in Sahand?

The coldest day measured in Sahand between 1940 and 2025 was 3 March 1985, at -25.0 °C.

Does it snow in Sahand?

Yes. Sahand gets on average 41.4 cm of snow per year and has around 107 frost days.

Has the climate of Sahand warmed?

Yes: Sahand warmed by +3.1 °C between 1940 and 2025, a statistically significant trend.

What is the wettest day in Sahand?

The wettest day measured in Sahand between 1940 and 2025 was 29 January 2013, with 32 mm of rain in 24 hours.

What was the windiest day in Sahand?

The windiest day measured in Sahand between 1940 and 2025 was 21 April 2015, with winds reaching 51.1 km/h.

What is the warmest month in Sahand?

The warmest month in Sahand is July (25.8 °C on average); the coldest is January (-1.9 °C).

How much does it rain in Sahand?

Sahand receives on average 261 mm of precipitation per year, spread over about 60 rainy days.

Is it sunny in Sahand?

Sahand gets on average 11.0 hours of sunshine per day, roughly 4,015 hours per year over 1940-2025.

What is the biggest single-day snowfall in Sahand?

The heaviest 24-hour snowfall measured in Sahand between 1940 and 2025 was 18 November 2001, with 13.1 cm.

Are there tropical nights in Sahand?

Yes: Sahand has on average 11 tropical nights per year (temperature staying above 20 °C), over 1940-2025.

What was the most extreme apparent temperature in Sahand?

In Sahand, between 1940 and 2025, the highest apparent temperature reached 42.5 °C on 8 July 2011, and the lowest was -30.3 °C on 3 March 1985.

Compare Sahand with another city

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Nearby cities

The climate around Sahand

Other cities — Iran