Zakho climate — normals and trends

Zakho (Iraq) has a hot-summer mediterranean climate (Csa) under the Köppen-Geiger classification. Its mean annual temperature is 15.5 °C and it receives 687 mm of precipitation per year.

These figures are normals computed over 86 complete calendar years, from 1940 to 2025, using ERA5 reanalysis data from the Copernicus programme.

The warmest month is July (30.0 °C on average) and the coldest is January (1.8 °C). Rainfall peaks in March.

Zakho averages 70 frost days, 120 hot days (≥ 30 °C) and 76 rainy days per year.

Zakho has warmed by +1.9 °C between 1940 and 2025, or +0.22 °C per decade. This trend is statistically significant.

The number of frost days there went from about 82 to 58 per year over the period.

The hottest day of the period reached 44.9 °C (on 25 July 2025) and the coldest -21.4 °C (on 5 January 1942).

Data from ERA5 reanalysis (Copernicus Climate Change Service), redistributed under a CC-BY 4.0 licence. Normals are recomputed whenever the archive is updated.

Climate normals · ERA5

ZakhoDuhok Governorate

coords
37.15°, 42.69°
period
19402025 · 86 yrs
CsaHot-summer MediterraneanWarmest monthJulyColdest monthJanuaryWettest monthMarchDriest monthAugust

Mean daily temperature

15.5°C

Average daily high

22.2°C

Average daily low

8.5°C

Annual rainfall

687mm

Sunshine / day

10.6h

Mean relative humidity

51%

Average peak wind

9.9km/h

Seasonal range

28.2°C

Frost days (< 0 °C)

70 d/yr

Hot days (≥ 30 °C)

120 d/yr

Rainy days (≥ 1 mm)

76 d/yr

Annual snowfall

64.2 cm

Average feels-like high

20.8 °C

Average feels-like low

5.7 °C

Average peak gust

28.6 km/h

Tropical nights (≥ 20 °C)

39 d/yr

Solar radiation

18.5 MJ/m²

Has the climate changed?

One stripe per year, 1940 to 2025

+1.9 °C

since 1940

+0.2 °C per decade · r² = 0.26 · p = < 0.001

1940Each stripe is one year, from 1940 (left) to 2025 (right). Blue = colder than the period average, red = warmer.2025

Trend fitted by linear regression (ordinary least squares) on annual means. A trend is shown only when it is statistically significant (p < 0.05).

A climograph overlays rainfall (bars) and temperature (line): the standard reading in climatology, where you can see at a glance whether the warm season is also the dry one.

Records for the period

Hottest day

44.9 °C

25 July 2025

Coldest day

-21.4 °C

5 January 1942

Wettest day

69 mm

20 November 2023

Windiest day

28.5 km/h

16 June 1992

Strongest gust

97.2 km/h

22 February 2004

Hottest feels-like

44.7 °C

6 August 1973

Coldest feels-like

-26.1 °C

5 January 1942

Snowiest day

25.7 cm

2 January 1992

Sunniest day

14.0 h

20 May 1940

YearHottest dayColdest dayAnnual meanRainfallHot daysFrost days
202544.9 °C25 July 2025-14.3 °C31 December 202518.3 °C449 mm14261
202440.8 °C5 August 2024-5.2 °C15 December 202417.6 °C835 mm13235
202343.5 °C10 August 2023-8.8 °C13 February 202318.1 °C744 mm12641
202242.3 °C15 July 2022-14.0 °C22 January 202217.7 °C483 mm13540
202143.1 °C20 July 2021-7.0 °C22 January 202118.2 °C421 mm14841
202041.3 °C28 July 2020-10.6 °C12 February 202017.1 °C646 mm13745
201941.5 °C13 August 2019-9.2 °C10 January 201916.6 °C943 mm14145
201843.6 °C3 July 2018-5.0 °C25 December 201817.9 °C882 mm14325
201742.6 °C9 August 2017-8.3 °C18 February 201717.1 °C462 mm12564
201641.6 °C20 July 2016-16.7 °C28 January 201616.8 °C766 mm11458
201541.6 °C5 August 2015-11.2 °C5 December 201516.8 °C646 mm13658
201441.4 °C12 July 2014-7.8 °C6 February 201416.9 °C566 mm11760
201340.4 °C10 July 2013-13.2 °C12 January 201315.9 °C690 mm11354
201241.3 °C23 July 2012-12.6 °C5 March 201216.2 °C671 mm12667
201143.3 °C28 July 2011-8.7 °C5 February 201115.0 °C632 mm11283
201041.4 °C28 July 2010-8.2 °C28 January 201017.4 °C548 mm13032
200938.8 °C12 July 2009-18.4 °C3 January 200915.5 °C609 mm11754
200841.5 °C31 July 2008-12.6 °C10 January 200816.1 °C397 mm12472
200740.3 °C1 August 2007-14.3 °C1 January 200715.9 °C589 mm13074
200641.9 °C12 August 2006-14.8 °C30 December 200616.0 °C847 mm12184
200540.8 °C28 July 2005-10.9 °C29 December 200515.9 °C586 mm11562
200440.0 °C17 July 2004-13.0 °C16 February 200415.8 °C608 mm12473
200340.9 °C11 August 2003-8.8 °C22 December 200315.5 °C829 mm11563
200240.4 °C19 July 2002-16.7 °C27 December 200215.5 °C633 mm12568
200142.5 °C26 July 2001-8.1 °C22 December 200116.4 °C544 mm12446
200042.9 °C30 July 2000-9.4 °C22 January 200015.7 °C514 mm12073
199939.9 °C20 July 1999-7.4 °C21 February 199916.3 °C330 mm12870
199841.0 °C16 July 1998-9.6 °C14 January 199815.9 °C496 mm11669
199738.5 °C21 July 1997-19.8 °C7 February 199714.0 °C592 mm10883
199640.4 °C26 July 1996-7.3 °C29 February 199615.4 °C798 mm10549
199539.9 °C22 July 1995-9.5 °C26 November 199514.5 °C568 mm11084
199440.3 °C14 July 1994-17.1 °C6 December 199415.4 °C885 mm12071
199341.9 °C19 July 1993-16.0 °C16 February 199314.1 °C880 mm10387
199238.1 °C9 July 1992-16.8 °C28 December 199212.8 °C833 mm98102
199140.4 °C2 August 1991-14.0 °C6 February 199114.9 °C665 mm10879
199041.5 °C21 July 1990-14.6 °C26 December 199015.3 °C523 mm12578
198941.7 °C23 July 1989-14.1 °C6 January 198916.2 °C455 mm12883
198840.2 °C31 July 1988-13.0 °C29 December 198814.5 °C1,017 mm10874
198738.9 °C7 August 1987-12.0 °C31 December 198714.2 °C885 mm11486
198642.3 °C7 July 1986-14.6 °C24 January 198614.9 °C767 mm10997
198540.6 °C10 August 1985-20.6 °C23 February 198514.5 °C682 mm12592
198441.9 °C21 July 1984-7.9 °C31 January 198414.5 °C577 mm12791
198341.5 °C17 July 1983-17.8 °C4 January 198314.1 °C518 mm11488
198239.9 °C20 July 1982-13.7 °C16 February 198213.5 °C762 mm108114
198141.9 °C15 July 1981-6.1 °C14 January 198115.3 °C789 mm11772
198042.7 °C14 July 1980-9.4 °C1 February 198015.2 °C833 mm11076
197940.6 °C22 August 1979-12.8 °C8 January 197916.3 °C673 mm12149
197844.1 °C16 July 1978-7.4 °C18 November 197815.7 °C695 mm11958
197742.0 °C4 August 1977-14.9 °C9 January 197715.6 °C658 mm12564
197641.3 °C4 August 1976-9.1 °C14 January 197614.8 °C842 mm10373
197542.0 °C28 July 1975-14.3 °C13 February 197515.3 °C704 mm12089
197442.1 °C5 August 1974-12.2 °C25 January 197415.6 °C781 mm13273
197344.0 °C6 August 1973-16.5 °C18 January 197315.3 °C521 mm12896
197240.9 °C13 July 1972-13.5 °C20 January 197214.3 °C767 mm118102
197141.2 °C3 July 1971-14.6 °C15 February 197115.7 °C824 mm12167
197041.8 °C12 August 1970-11.4 °C14 December 197016.6 °C450 mm12654
196942.2 °C20 August 1969-12.9 °C2 February 196916.0 °C1,052 mm12748
196842.4 °C25 July 1968-13.7 °C19 January 196815.6 °C1,063 mm11759
196740.0 °C24 July 1967-17.1 °C2 February 196714.5 °C1,017 mm10079
196642.1 °C28 July 1966-4.8 °C30 December 196616.9 °C725 mm11233
196542.6 °C5 August 1965-11.2 °C11 January 196515.4 °C831 mm12377
196443.2 °C13 July 1964-19.7 °C20 January 196414.8 °C646 mm13076
196342.0 °C22 July 1963-8.2 °C8 March 196315.8 °C1,187 mm12056
196242.8 °C19 July 1962-7.9 °C7 January 196216.7 °C512 mm13455
196142.3 °C17 August 1961-11.6 °C24 January 196115.2 °C666 mm10776
196040.8 °C28 July 1960-12.0 °C27 January 196015.6 °C583 mm11660
195941.3 °C20 July 1959-17.3 °C21 February 195914.5 °C534 mm9894
195841.2 °C25 August 1958-14.5 °C3 February 195815.6 °C435 mm12266
195743.4 °C31 July 1957-13.1 °C11 January 195714.4 °C806 mm11174
195642.2 °C6 August 1956-14.5 °C12 December 195614.4 °C680 mm11484
195541.5 °C10 July 1955-6.2 °C6 January 195516.6 °C518 mm13657
195442.8 °C19 July 1954-15.6 °C15 January 195416.0 °C872 mm13461
195342.9 °C13 July 1953-16.6 °C30 November 195315.1 °C926 mm13491
195242.5 °C30 July 1952-6.3 °C6 March 195216.0 °C668 mm12562
195141.5 °C27 July 1951-12.5 °C26 January 195115.6 °C655 mm11971
195041.0 °C10 August 1950-21.1 °C16 January 195014.7 °C733 mm12082
194941.9 °C27 July 1949-18.4 °C10 February 194914.4 °C843 mm11288
194841.4 °C14 August 1948-18.2 °C30 December 194814.2 °C786 mm117111
194741.2 °C18 July 1947-12.4 °C26 December 194715.8 °C625 mm12260
194639.6 °C30 June 1946-15.7 °C25 January 194614.7 °C638 mm11177
194540.0 °C29 July 1945-12.2 °C26 January 194514.1 °C516 mm118102
194440.6 °C26 July 1944-16.0 °C16 January 194414.8 °C645 mm11086
194340.9 °C30 July 1943-10.3 °C14 January 194315.5 °C620 mm12179
194241.3 °C25 July 1942-21.4 °C5 January 194215.3 °C679 mm12872
194139.8 °C19 July 1941-6.8 °C16 January 194115.6 °C637 mm11767
194041.2 °C20 July 1940-12.1 °C13 January 194015.0 °C626 mm11071

Normals computed over complete calendar years 1940–2025.

A specific year

Pick a year and see how it compares to normal — warmer, drier or more extreme than usual?

Across the whole year

Average daily high
24.9 °C
+2.7 °C
Hot days (≥ 30 °C)
142 d/yr
+22
Frost days (< 0 °C)
61 d/yr
-9
Annual rainfall
449 mm
-238 mm

Month by month

Highvs. normalPrecipitationvs. normal
Jan11.1 °C+3.7 °C12 mm-106 mm
Feb8.6 °C-0.5 °C74 mm-38 mm
Mar18.6 °C+5.3 °C47 mm-73 mm
Apr21.9 °C+2.6 °C63 mm-27 mm
May30.3 °C+4.4 °C22 mm-17 mm
Jun35.9 °C+2.8 °C1 mm-2 mm
Jul39.6 °C+2.0 °C0 mm-0 mm
Aug39.9 °C+2.9 °C0 mm-0 mm
Sep33.4 °C+1.0 °C0 mm-2 mm
Oct27.0 °C+2.1 °C6 mm-23 mm
Nov21.0 °C+4.6 °C69 mm-1 mm
Dec10.8 °C+0.9 °C157 mm+52 mm

The year's extremes

Hottest day
44.9 °C
25 Jul 2025
Coldest day
-14.3 °C
31 Dec 2025
Wettest day
38.2 mm
16 Nov 2025
Windiest day
21.9 km/h
19 Mar 2025
Strongest gust
69.1 km/h
9 Apr 2025
Hottest feels-like
44.7 °C
25 Jul 2025
Coldest feels-like
-18.9 °C
31 Dec 2025
Snowiest day
10.0 cm
29 Dec 2025
Sunniest day
14.0 h
18 May 2025

What was the weather like that day?

Your birthday, a wedding, a memorable trip: discover the actual weather for any date since 1940.

Date

Frequently asked questions

What is the climate of Zakho?

Zakho has a hot-summer mediterranean climate (Köppen Csa). Over 1940-2025, the average annual temperature is 15.5 °C and it receives 687 mm of precipitation per year.

What is the hottest day ever recorded in Zakho?

The hottest day measured in Zakho between 1940 and 2025 was 25 July 2025, reaching 44.9 °C.

What is the coldest day in Zakho?

The coldest day measured in Zakho between 1940 and 2025 was 5 January 1942, at -21.4 °C.

Does it snow in Zakho?

Yes. Zakho gets on average 64.2 cm of snow per year and has around 70 frost days.

Has the climate of Zakho warmed?

Yes: Zakho warmed by +1.9 °C between 1940 and 2025, a statistically significant trend.

What is the wettest day in Zakho?

The wettest day measured in Zakho between 1940 and 2025 was 20 November 2023, with 69 mm of rain in 24 hours.

What was the windiest day in Zakho?

The windiest day measured in Zakho between 1940 and 2025 was 16 June 1992, with winds reaching 28.5 km/h.

What is the warmest month in Zakho?

The warmest month in Zakho is July (30.0 °C on average); the coldest is January (1.8 °C).

How much does it rain in Zakho?

Zakho receives on average 687 mm of precipitation per year, spread over about 76 rainy days.

Is it sunny in Zakho?

Zakho gets on average 10.6 hours of sunshine per day, roughly 3,869 hours per year over 1940-2025.

What is the biggest single-day snowfall in Zakho?

The heaviest 24-hour snowfall measured in Zakho between 1940 and 2025 was 2 January 1992, with 25.7 cm.

Are there tropical nights in Zakho?

Yes: Zakho has on average 39 tropical nights per year (temperature staying above 20 °C), over 1940-2025.

What was the most extreme apparent temperature in Zakho?

In Zakho, between 1940 and 2025, the highest apparent temperature reached 44.7 °C on 6 August 1973, and the lowest was -26.1 °C on 5 January 1942.

Compare Zakho with another city

Pick a second city: its normals will be set against these, indicator by indicator.

Nearby cities

The climate around Zakho

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