Elva climate — normals and trends
Elva (Estonia) has a warm-summer humid continental climate (Dfb) under the Köppen-Geiger classification. Its mean annual temperature is 5.5 °C and it receives 657 mm of precipitation per year.
These figures are normals computed over 86 complete calendar years, from 1940 to 2025, using ERA5 reanalysis data from the Copernicus programme.
The warmest month is July (17.3 °C on average) and the coldest is January (-6.0 °C). Rainfall peaks in August.
Elva averages 139 frost days, 0 hot days (≥ 30 °C) and 137 rainy days per year.
Elva has warmed by +2.8 °C between 1940 and 2025, or +0.33 °C per decade. This trend is statistically significant.
The number of frost days there went from about 161 to 117 per year over the period.
The hottest day of the period reached 33.3 °C (on 11 August 1992) and the coldest -38.3 °C (on 31 December 1978).
Data from ERA5 reanalysis (Copernicus Climate Change Service), redistributed under a CC-BY 4.0 licence. Normals are recomputed whenever the archive is updated.
Climate normals · ERA5
ElvaTartu
- coords
- 58.22°, 26.42°
- period
- 1940–2025 · 86 yrs
Mean daily temperature
5.5°C
Average daily high
8.6°C
Average daily low
2.1°C
Annual rainfall
657mm
Sunshine / day
7.1h
Mean relative humidity
80%
Average peak wind
19.1km/h
Seasonal range
23.3°C
Frost days (< 0 °C)
139 d/yr
Hot days (≥ 30 °C)
0 d/yr
Rainy days (≥ 1 mm)
137 d/yr
Annual snowfall
106.2 cm
Average feels-like high
5.4 °C
Average feels-like low
-1.5 °C
Average peak gust
37.9 km/h
Tropical nights (≥ 20 °C)
0 d/yr
Solar radiation
9.6 MJ/m²
Has the climate changed?
One stripe per year, 1940 to 2025
+2.8 °C
since 1940
+0.3 °C per decade · r² = 0.45 · p = < 0.001
Trend fitted by linear regression (ordinary least squares) on annual means. A trend is shown only when it is statistically significant (p < 0.05).
A climograph overlays rainfall (bars) and temperature (line): the standard reading in climatology, where you can see at a glance whether the warm season is also the dry one.
Records for the period
Hottest day
33.3 °C
11 August 1992
Coldest day
-38.3 °C
31 December 1978
Wettest day
47 mm
9 July 1978
Windiest day
50.3 km/h
9 January 2005
Strongest gust
105.1 km/h
26 December 2011
Hottest feels-like
36.1 °C
7 August 2010
Coldest feels-like
-43.3 °C
31 December 1978
Snowiest day
18.4 cm
23 November 2008
Sunniest day
17.2 h
17 June 1940
Normals computed over complete calendar years 1940–2025.
A specific year
Pick a year and see how it compares to normal — warmer, drier or more extreme than usual?
Across the whole year
Month by month
| High | vs. normal | Precipitation | vs. normal | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 2.2 °C | +6.0 °C | 133 mm | +93 mm |
| Feb | -1.7 °C | +1.6 °C | 12 mm | -21 mm |
| Mar | 6.5 °C | +5.2 °C | 25 mm | -9 mm |
| Apr | 11.3 °C | +2.6 °C | 61 mm | +18 mm |
| May | 13.5 °C | -1.7 °C | 99 mm | +42 mm |
| Jun | 18.0 °C | -1.3 °C | 127 mm | +52 mm |
| Jul | 23.7 °C | +2.5 °C | 160 mm | +82 mm |
| Aug | 19.2 °C | -0.8 °C | 73 mm | -7 mm |
| Sep | 18.2 °C | +3.3 °C | 41 mm | -19 mm |
| Oct | 9.7 °C | +1.1 °C | 49 mm | -9 mm |
| Nov | 4.2 °C | +1.8 °C | 49 mm | -4 mm |
| Dec | 2.9 °C | +4.1 °C | 32 mm | -13 mm |
The year's extremes
What was the weather like that day?
Your birthday, a wedding, a memorable trip: discover the actual weather for any date since 1940.
Frequently asked questions
What is the climate of Elva?
Elva has a warm-summer humid continental climate (Köppen Dfb). Over 1940-2025, the average annual temperature is 5.5 °C and it receives 657 mm of precipitation per year.
What is the hottest day ever recorded in Elva?
The hottest day measured in Elva between 1940 and 2025 was 11 August 1992, reaching 33.3 °C.
What is the coldest day in Elva?
The coldest day measured in Elva between 1940 and 2025 was 31 December 1978, at -38.3 °C.
Does it snow in Elva?
Yes. Elva gets on average 106.2 cm of snow per year and has around 139 frost days.
Has the climate of Elva warmed?
Yes: Elva warmed by +2.8 °C between 1940 and 2025, a statistically significant trend.
What is the wettest day in Elva?
The wettest day measured in Elva between 1940 and 2025 was 9 July 1978, with 47 mm of rain in 24 hours.
What was the windiest day in Elva?
The windiest day measured in Elva between 1940 and 2025 was 9 January 2005, with winds reaching 50.3 km/h.
What is the warmest month in Elva?
The warmest month in Elva is July (17.3 °C on average); the coldest is January (-6.0 °C).
How much does it rain in Elva?
Elva receives on average 657 mm of precipitation per year, spread over about 137 rainy days.
Is it sunny in Elva?
Elva gets on average 7.1 hours of sunshine per day, roughly 2,592 hours per year over 1940-2025.
What is the biggest single-day snowfall in Elva?
The heaviest 24-hour snowfall measured in Elva between 1940 and 2025 was 23 November 2008, with 18.4 cm.
Are there tropical nights in Elva?
Almost never: tropical nights (temperature staying above 20 °C) are virtually non-existent in Elva.
What was the most extreme apparent temperature in Elva?
In Elva, between 1940 and 2025, the highest apparent temperature reached 36.1 °C on 7 August 2010, and the lowest was -43.3 °C on 31 December 1978.
Compare Elva with another city
Pick a second city: its normals will be set against these, indicator by indicator.
Nearby cities
The climate around Elva