Tartu climate — normals and trends
Tartu (Estonia) has a warm-summer humid continental climate (Dfb) under the Köppen-Geiger classification. Its mean annual temperature is 5.5 °C and it receives 642 mm of precipitation per year.
These figures are normals computed over 86 complete calendar years, from 1940 to 2025, using ERA5 reanalysis data from the Copernicus programme.
The warmest month is July (17.6 °C on average) and the coldest is January (-6.0 °C). Rainfall peaks in August.
Tartu averages 138 frost days, 1 hot days (≥ 30 °C) and 136 rainy days per year.
Tartu has warmed by +2.8 °C between 1940 and 2025, or +0.33 °C per decade. This trend is statistically significant.
The number of frost days there went from about 161 to 115 per year over the period.
The hottest day of the period reached 33.1 °C (on 11 August 1992) and the coldest -37.3 °C (on 31 December 1978).
Data from ERA5 reanalysis (Copernicus Climate Change Service), redistributed under a CC-BY 4.0 licence. Normals are recomputed whenever the archive is updated.
Climate normals · ERA5
TartuTartu
- coords
- 58.38°, 26.73°
- period
- 1940–2025 · 86 yrs
Mean daily temperature
5.5°C
Average daily high
8.6°C
Average daily low
2.3°C
Annual rainfall
642mm
Sunshine / day
7.2h
Mean relative humidity
80%
Average peak wind
19.4km/h
Seasonal range
23.6°C
Frost days (< 0 °C)
138 d/yr
Hot days (≥ 30 °C)
1 d/yr
Rainy days (≥ 1 mm)
136 d/yr
Annual snowfall
105.4 cm
Average feels-like high
5.4 °C
Average feels-like low
-1.4 °C
Average peak gust
37.6 km/h
Tropical nights (≥ 20 °C)
1 d/yr
Solar radiation
9.8 MJ/m²
Has the climate changed?
One stripe per year, 1940 to 2025
+2.8 °C
since 1940
+0.3 °C per decade · r² = 0.44 · p = < 0.001
Trend fitted by linear regression (ordinary least squares) on annual means. A trend is shown only when it is statistically significant (p < 0.05).
A climograph overlays rainfall (bars) and temperature (line): the standard reading in climatology, where you can see at a glance whether the warm season is also the dry one.
Records for the period
Hottest day
33.1 °C
11 August 1992
Coldest day
-37.3 °C
31 December 1978
Wettest day
52 mm
9 July 1978
Windiest day
50.1 km/h
29 October 2013
Strongest gust
103.3 km/h
26 December 2011
Hottest feels-like
35.8 °C
7 August 2010
Coldest feels-like
-43.3 °C
10 January 1987
Snowiest day
16.1 cm
23 November 2008
Sunniest day
17.3 h
21 June 2024
Normals computed over complete calendar years 1940–2025.
A specific year
Pick a year and see how it compares to normal — warmer, drier or more extreme than usual?
Across the whole year
Month by month
| High | vs. normal | Precipitation | vs. normal | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 2.0 °C | +5.8 °C | 135 mm | +95 mm |
| Feb | -1.5 °C | +2.0 °C | 14 mm | -18 mm |
| Mar | 6.2 °C | +5.1 °C | 24 mm | -9 mm |
| Apr | 11.0 °C | +2.5 °C | 64 mm | +22 mm |
| May | 13.6 °C | -1.5 °C | 92 mm | +37 mm |
| Jun | 18.1 °C | -1.3 °C | 122 mm | +48 mm |
| Jul | 23.9 °C | +2.6 °C | 138 mm | +61 mm |
| Aug | 19.3 °C | -0.8 °C | 91 mm | +12 mm |
| Sep | 18.1 °C | +3.2 °C | 40 mm | -18 mm |
| Oct | 9.7 °C | +1.1 °C | 43 mm | -13 mm |
| Nov | 4.4 °C | +2.0 °C | 48 mm | -4 mm |
| Dec | 3.0 °C | +4.2 °C | 39 mm | -6 mm |
The year's extremes
What was the weather like that day?
Your birthday, a wedding, a memorable trip: discover the actual weather for any date since 1940.
Frequently asked questions
What is the climate of Tartu?
Tartu has a warm-summer humid continental climate (Köppen Dfb). Over 1940-2025, the average annual temperature is 5.5 °C and it receives 642 mm of precipitation per year.
What is the hottest day ever recorded in Tartu?
The hottest day measured in Tartu between 1940 and 2025 was 11 August 1992, reaching 33.1 °C.
What is the coldest day in Tartu?
The coldest day measured in Tartu between 1940 and 2025 was 31 December 1978, at -37.3 °C.
Does it snow in Tartu?
Yes. Tartu gets on average 105.4 cm of snow per year and has around 138 frost days.
Has the climate of Tartu warmed?
Yes: Tartu warmed by +2.8 °C between 1940 and 2025, a statistically significant trend.
What is the wettest day in Tartu?
The wettest day measured in Tartu between 1940 and 2025 was 9 July 1978, with 52 mm of rain in 24 hours.
What was the windiest day in Tartu?
The windiest day measured in Tartu between 1940 and 2025 was 29 October 2013, with winds reaching 50.1 km/h.
What is the warmest month in Tartu?
The warmest month in Tartu is July (17.6 °C on average); the coldest is January (-6.0 °C).
How much does it rain in Tartu?
Tartu receives on average 642 mm of precipitation per year, spread over about 136 rainy days.
Is it sunny in Tartu?
Tartu gets on average 7.2 hours of sunshine per day, roughly 2,628 hours per year over 1940-2025.
What is the biggest single-day snowfall in Tartu?
The heaviest 24-hour snowfall measured in Tartu between 1940 and 2025 was 23 November 2008, with 16.1 cm.
Are there tropical nights in Tartu?
Yes: Tartu has on average 1 tropical nights per year (temperature staying above 20 °C), over 1940-2025.
What was the most extreme apparent temperature in Tartu?
In Tartu, between 1940 and 2025, the highest apparent temperature reached 35.8 °C on 7 August 2010, and the lowest was -43.3 °C on 10 January 1987.
Compare Tartu with another city
Pick a second city: its normals will be set against these, indicator by indicator.
Nearby cities
The climate around Tartu