Viljandi climate — normals and trends
Viljandi (Estonia) has a warm-summer humid continental climate (Dfb) under the Köppen-Geiger classification. Its mean annual temperature is 5.5 °C and it receives 720 mm of precipitation per year.
These figures are normals computed over 86 complete calendar years, from 1940 to 2025, using ERA5 reanalysis data from the Copernicus programme.
The warmest month is July (17.1 °C on average) and the coldest is January (-5.7 °C). Rainfall peaks in August.
Viljandi averages 140 frost days, 0 hot days (≥ 30 °C) and 140 rainy days per year.
Viljandi has warmed by +2.8 °C between 1940 and 2025, or +0.33 °C per decade. This trend is statistically significant.
The number of frost days there went from about 162 to 118 per year over the period.
The hottest day of the period reached 32.2 °C (on 11 August 1992) and the coldest -37.6 °C (on 31 December 1978).
Data from ERA5 reanalysis (Copernicus Climate Change Service), redistributed under a CC-BY 4.0 licence. Normals are recomputed whenever the archive is updated.
Climate normals · ERA5
ViljandiViljandimaa
- coords
- 58.36°, 25.59°
- period
- 1940–2025 · 86 yrs
Mean daily temperature
5.5°C
Average daily high
8.7°C
Average daily low
2.1°C
Annual rainfall
720mm
Sunshine / day
7.2h
Mean relative humidity
81%
Average peak wind
19.2km/h
Seasonal range
22.8°C
Frost days (< 0 °C)
140 d/yr
Hot days (≥ 30 °C)
0 d/yr
Rainy days (≥ 1 mm)
140 d/yr
Annual snowfall
109.3 cm
Average feels-like high
5.5 °C
Average feels-like low
-1.5 °C
Average peak gust
37.7 km/h
Tropical nights (≥ 20 °C)
0 d/yr
Solar radiation
9.5 MJ/m²
Has the climate changed?
One stripe per year, 1940 to 2025
+2.8 °C
since 1940
+0.3 °C per decade · r² = 0.44 · p = < 0.001
Trend fitted by linear regression (ordinary least squares) on annual means. A trend is shown only when it is statistically significant (p < 0.05).
A climograph overlays rainfall (bars) and temperature (line): the standard reading in climatology, where you can see at a glance whether the warm season is also the dry one.
Records for the period
Hottest day
32.2 °C
11 August 1992
Coldest day
-37.6 °C
31 December 1978
Wettest day
54 mm
14 August 1948
Windiest day
52.0 km/h
9 January 2005
Strongest gust
107.3 km/h
9 January 2005
Hottest feels-like
35.2 °C
7 August 2010
Coldest feels-like
-43.3 °C
10 January 1987
Snowiest day
15.4 cm
27 December 1988
Sunniest day
17.1 h
29 June 2015
Normals computed over complete calendar years 1940–2025.
A specific year
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Across the whole year
Month by month
| High | vs. normal | Precipitation | vs. normal | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 2.3 °C | +5.8 °C | 133 mm | +88 mm |
| Feb | -1.2 °C | +2.1 °C | 14 mm | -22 mm |
| Mar | 6.7 °C | +5.5 °C | 20 mm | -16 mm |
| Apr | 11.2 °C | +2.6 °C | 62 mm | +17 mm |
| May | 13.5 °C | -1.6 °C | 80 mm | +24 mm |
| Jun | 17.8 °C | -1.4 °C | 144 mm | +65 mm |
| Jul | 23.3 °C | +2.3 °C | 136 mm | +43 mm |
| Aug | 19.1 °C | -0.8 °C | 92 mm | -2 mm |
| Sep | 18.2 °C | +3.2 °C | 50 mm | -18 mm |
| Oct | 9.8 °C | +0.9 °C | 57 mm | -5 mm |
| Nov | 4.6 °C | +1.9 °C | 53 mm | -2 mm |
| Dec | 3.3 °C | +4.2 °C | 34 mm | -17 mm |
The year's extremes
What was the weather like that day?
Your birthday, a wedding, a memorable trip: discover the actual weather for any date since 1940.
Frequently asked questions
What is the climate of Viljandi?
Viljandi has a warm-summer humid continental climate (Köppen Dfb). Over 1940-2025, the average annual temperature is 5.5 °C and it receives 720 mm of precipitation per year.
What is the hottest day ever recorded in Viljandi?
The hottest day measured in Viljandi between 1940 and 2025 was 11 August 1992, reaching 32.2 °C.
What is the coldest day in Viljandi?
The coldest day measured in Viljandi between 1940 and 2025 was 31 December 1978, at -37.6 °C.
Does it snow in Viljandi?
Yes. Viljandi gets on average 109.3 cm of snow per year and has around 140 frost days.
Has the climate of Viljandi warmed?
Yes: Viljandi warmed by +2.8 °C between 1940 and 2025, a statistically significant trend.
What is the wettest day in Viljandi?
The wettest day measured in Viljandi between 1940 and 2025 was 14 August 1948, with 54 mm of rain in 24 hours.
What was the windiest day in Viljandi?
The windiest day measured in Viljandi between 1940 and 2025 was 9 January 2005, with winds reaching 52.0 km/h.
What is the warmest month in Viljandi?
The warmest month in Viljandi is July (17.1 °C on average); the coldest is January (-5.7 °C).
How much does it rain in Viljandi?
Viljandi receives on average 720 mm of precipitation per year, spread over about 140 rainy days.
Is it sunny in Viljandi?
Viljandi gets on average 7.2 hours of sunshine per day, roughly 2,628 hours per year over 1940-2025.
What is the biggest single-day snowfall in Viljandi?
The heaviest 24-hour snowfall measured in Viljandi between 1940 and 2025 was 27 December 1988, with 15.4 cm.
Are there tropical nights in Viljandi?
Almost never: tropical nights (temperature staying above 20 °C) are virtually non-existent in Viljandi.
What was the most extreme apparent temperature in Viljandi?
In Viljandi, between 1940 and 2025, the highest apparent temperature reached 35.2 °C on 7 August 2010, and the lowest was -43.3 °C on 10 January 1987.
Compare Viljandi with another city
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Nearby cities
The climate around Viljandi