Ulaanbaatar climate — normals and trends
Ulaanbaatar (Mongolia) has a dry-winter subarctic climate (Dwc) under the Köppen-Geiger classification. Its mean annual temperature is -2.4 °C and it receives 358 mm of precipitation per year.
These figures are normals computed over 86 complete calendar years, from 1940 to 2025, using ERA5 reanalysis data from the Copernicus programme.
The warmest month is July (16.1 °C on average) and the coldest is January (-22.8 °C). Rainfall peaks in July.
Ulaanbaatar averages 234 frost days, 1 hot days (≥ 30 °C) and 68 rainy days per year.
Ulaanbaatar has warmed by +1.7 °C between 1940 and 2025, or +0.20 °C per decade. This trend is statistically significant.
The number of frost days there went from about 241 to 227 per year over the period.
The hottest day of the period reached 35.3 °C (on 24 July 1999) and the coldest -44.9 °C (on 21 February 1969).
Data from ERA5 reanalysis (Copernicus Climate Change Service), redistributed under a CC-BY 4.0 licence. Normals are recomputed whenever the archive is updated.
Climate normals · ERA5
UlaanbaatarUlaanbaatar
- coords
- 47.91°, 106.88°
- period
- 1940–2025 · 86 yrs
Mean daily temperature
-2.4°C
Average daily high
3.7°C
Average daily low
-8.3°C
Annual rainfall
358mm
Sunshine / day
10.0h
Mean relative humidity
66%
Average peak wind
15.0km/h
Seasonal range
38.9°C
Frost days (< 0 °C)
234 d/yr
Hot days (≥ 30 °C)
1 d/yr
Rainy days (≥ 1 mm)
68 d/yr
Annual snowfall
54.8 cm
Average feels-like high
-0.1 °C
Average feels-like low
-12.3 °C
Average peak gust
34.8 km/h
Tropical nights (≥ 20 °C)
0 d/yr
Solar radiation
14.9 MJ/m²
Has the climate changed?
One stripe per year, 1940 to 2025
+1.7 °C
since 1940
+0.2 °C per decade · r² = 0.27 · p = < 0.001
Trend fitted by linear regression (ordinary least squares) on annual means. A trend is shown only when it is statistically significant (p < 0.05).
A climograph overlays rainfall (bars) and temperature (line): the standard reading in climatology, where you can see at a glance whether the warm season is also the dry one.
Records for the period
Hottest day
35.3 °C
24 July 1999
Coldest day
-44.9 °C
21 February 1969
Wettest day
64 mm
31 July 1959
Windiest day
44.7 km/h
15 May 1951
Strongest gust
98.3 km/h
18 April 1980
Hottest feels-like
35.6 °C
23 July 1999
Coldest feels-like
-50.5 °C
21 February 1969
Snowiest day
17.3 cm
27 September 1984
Sunniest day
15.4 h
24 June 1944
Normals computed over complete calendar years 1940–2025.
A specific year
Pick a year and see how it compares to normal — warmer, drier or more extreme than usual?
Across the whole year
Month by month
| High | vs. normal | Precipitation | vs. normal | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | -14.9 °C | +1.6 °C | 5 mm | +3 mm |
| Feb | -13.0 °C | -0.8 °C | 3 mm | -0 mm |
| Mar | 0.0 °C | +3.0 °C | 11 mm | +2 mm |
| Apr | 10.4 °C | +4.1 °C | 6 mm | -14 mm |
| May | 15.6 °C | +1.8 °C | 14 mm | -22 mm |
| Jun | 22.3 °C | +3.0 °C | 20 mm | -41 mm |
| Jul | 24.0 °C | +2.7 °C | 32 mm | -50 mm |
| Aug | 20.2 °C | +0.7 °C | 76 mm | -2 mm |
| Sep | 14.8 °C | +1.3 °C | 50 mm | +9 mm |
| Oct | 1.6 °C | -3.1 °C | 9 mm | -8 mm |
| Nov | -5.9 °C | +1.2 °C | 22 mm | +14 mm |
| Dec | -17.4 °C | -2.2 °C | 2 mm | -1 mm |
The year's extremes
What was the weather like that day?
Your birthday, a wedding, a memorable trip: discover the actual weather for any date since 1940.
Frequently asked questions
What is the climate of Ulaanbaatar?
Ulaanbaatar has a dry-winter subarctic climate (Köppen Dwc). Over 1940-2025, the average annual temperature is -2.4 °C and it receives 358 mm of precipitation per year.
What is the hottest day ever recorded in Ulaanbaatar?
The hottest day measured in Ulaanbaatar between 1940 and 2025 was 24 July 1999, reaching 35.3 °C.
What is the coldest day in Ulaanbaatar?
The coldest day measured in Ulaanbaatar between 1940 and 2025 was 21 February 1969, at -44.9 °C.
Does it snow in Ulaanbaatar?
Yes. Ulaanbaatar gets on average 54.8 cm of snow per year and has around 234 frost days.
Has the climate of Ulaanbaatar warmed?
Yes: Ulaanbaatar warmed by +1.7 °C between 1940 and 2025, a statistically significant trend.
What is the wettest day in Ulaanbaatar?
The wettest day measured in Ulaanbaatar between 1940 and 2025 was 31 July 1959, with 64 mm of rain in 24 hours.
What was the windiest day in Ulaanbaatar?
The windiest day measured in Ulaanbaatar between 1940 and 2025 was 15 May 1951, with winds reaching 44.7 km/h.
What is the warmest month in Ulaanbaatar?
The warmest month in Ulaanbaatar is July (16.1 °C on average); the coldest is January (-22.8 °C).
How much does it rain in Ulaanbaatar?
Ulaanbaatar receives on average 358 mm of precipitation per year, spread over about 68 rainy days.
Is it sunny in Ulaanbaatar?
Ulaanbaatar gets on average 10.0 hours of sunshine per day, roughly 3,650 hours per year over 1940-2025.
What is the biggest single-day snowfall in Ulaanbaatar?
The heaviest 24-hour snowfall measured in Ulaanbaatar between 1940 and 2025 was 27 September 1984, with 17.3 cm.
Are there tropical nights in Ulaanbaatar?
Almost never: tropical nights (temperature staying above 20 °C) are virtually non-existent in Ulaanbaatar.
What was the most extreme apparent temperature in Ulaanbaatar?
In Ulaanbaatar, between 1940 and 2025, the highest apparent temperature reached 35.6 °C on 23 July 1999, and the lowest was -50.5 °C on 21 February 1969.
Compare Ulaanbaatar with another city
Pick a second city: its normals will be set against these, indicator by indicator.
Nearby cities
The climate around Ulaanbaatar