Az Zulfī climate — normals and trends

Az Zulfī (Saudi Arabia) has a hot desert climate (BWh) under the Köppen-Geiger classification. Its mean annual temperature is 24.4 °C and it receives 94 mm of precipitation per year.

These figures are normals computed over 86 complete calendar years, from 1940 to 2025, using ERA5 reanalysis data from the Copernicus programme.

The warmest month is August (34.2 °C on average) and the coldest is January (12.2 °C). Rainfall peaks in November.

Az Zulfī averages 2 frost days, 209 hot days (≥ 30 °C) and 17 rainy days per year.

Az Zulfī has warmed by +4.0 °C between 1940 and 2025, or +0.47 °C per decade. This trend is statistically significant.

The number of frost days there went from about 4 to 0 per year over the period.

The hottest day of the period reached 47.3 °C (on 12 July 2021) and the coldest -6.8 °C (on 1 January 1949).

Data from ERA5 reanalysis (Copernicus Climate Change Service), redistributed under a CC-BY 4.0 licence. Normals are recomputed whenever the archive is updated.

Climate normals · ERA5

Az ZulfīRiyadh Region

coords
26.30°, 44.82°
period
19402025 · 86 yrs
BWhHot desertWarmest monthAugustColdest monthJanuaryWettest monthNovemberDriest monthJune

Mean daily temperature

24.4°C

Average daily high

31.1°C

Average daily low

17.6°C

Annual rainfall

94mm

Sunshine / day

11.1h

Mean relative humidity

30%

Average peak wind

21.3km/h

Seasonal range

22.0°C

Frost days (< 0 °C)

2 d/yr

Hot days (≥ 30 °C)

209 d/yr

Rainy days (≥ 1 mm)

17 d/yr

Annual snowfall

0.0 cm

Average feels-like high

28.6 °C

Average feels-like low

13.9 °C

Average peak gust

35.0 km/h

Tropical nights (≥ 20 °C)

166 d/yr

Solar radiation

22.4 MJ/m²

Has the climate changed?

One stripe per year, 1940 to 2025

+4.0 °C

since 1940

+0.5 °C per decade · r² = 0.79 · p = < 0.001

1940Each stripe is one year, from 1940 (left) to 2025 (right). Blue = colder than the period average, red = warmer.2025

Trend fitted by linear regression (ordinary least squares) on annual means. A trend is shown only when it is statistically significant (p < 0.05).

A climograph overlays rainfall (bars) and temperature (line): the standard reading in climatology, where you can see at a glance whether the warm season is also the dry one.

Records for the period

Hottest day

47.3 °C

12 July 2021

Coldest day

-6.8 °C

1 January 1949

Wettest day

69 mm

8 November 1997

Windiest day

49.6 km/h

22 April 1992

Strongest gust

82.8 km/h

2 April 2014

Hottest feels-like

48.0 °C

4 August 2022

Coldest feels-like

-12.2 °C

20 January 1964

Snowiest day

0.1 cm

3 February 1967

Sunniest day

12.8 h

30 May 1940

YearHottest dayColdest dayAnnual meanRainfallHot daysFrost days
202545.6 °C9 June 2025-0.3 °C4 January 202525.9 °C136 mm2181
202446.6 °C11 July 2024-1.5 °C16 December 202426.7 °C73 mm2101
202345.9 °C31 July 20233.5 °C17 December 202326.4 °C166 mm2140
202246.6 °C7 August 20220.9 °C22 January 202226.7 °C58 mm2350
202147.3 °C12 July 20213.4 °C23 January 202127.1 °C52 mm2340
202047.1 °C31 July 20200.4 °C12 February 202026.1 °C88 mm2320
201945.5 °C27 June 20193.3 °C21 November 201926.3 °C116 mm2100
201845.5 °C9 June 20182.0 °C11 January 201826.4 °C191 mm2200
201746.3 °C13 June 2017-1.9 °C4 February 201726.7 °C40 mm2222
201646.5 °C22 July 2016-1.4 °C30 January 201626.4 °C76 mm2241
201545.6 °C26 August 2015-1.6 °C11 January 201526.7 °C88 mm2251
201445.6 °C18 August 20140.9 °C10 February 201426.4 °C55 mm2250
201346.0 °C18 July 2013-0.6 °C24 December 201325.6 °C51 mm2242
201245.8 °C28 July 2012-0.4 °C22 January 201226.0 °C64 mm2241
201146.2 °C3 August 20111.5 °C30 November 201125.5 °C74 mm2100
201046.9 °C17 June 2010-0.2 °C8 February 201026.7 °C50 mm2311
200945.0 °C8 August 2009-0.8 °C14 January 200925.9 °C77 mm2293
200845.6 °C26 July 2008-4.2 °C16 January 200825.3 °C129 mm2215
200747.0 °C31 July 2007-1.0 °C3 January 200725.8 °C71 mm2274
200645.5 °C27 July 2006-1.7 °C31 December 200625.5 °C159 mm2201
200546.5 °C22 July 20050.7 °C14 January 200525.4 °C143 mm2150
200444.7 °C3 August 20042.5 °C30 December 200425.3 °C204 mm2250
200346.6 °C9 August 20031.3 °C18 January 200325.8 °C83 mm2180
200245.8 °C22 July 20021.7 °C26 December 200225.6 °C69 mm2160
200146.6 °C10 August 20010.8 °C30 January 200125.8 °C54 mm2220
200045.6 °C6 July 20002.8 °C10 February 200025.5 °C115 mm2130
199945.0 °C25 June 19993.2 °C4 January 199926.0 °C53 mm2210
199846.4 °C5 August 19981.2 °C15 January 199825.7 °C109 mm2130
199744.4 °C15 June 19971.4 °C12 February 199724.3 °C351 mm1910
199645.1 °C11 July 19963.5 °C14 January 199625.4 °C114 mm2020
199544.3 °C18 August 19952.8 °C27 January 199524.7 °C155 mm2130
199443.8 °C18 August 1994-0.3 °C8 December 199424.8 °C71 mm2101
199343.8 °C9 August 1993-0.9 °C18 January 199324.3 °C121 mm1991
199242.9 °C17 July 1992-4.0 °C5 January 199223.1 °C103 mm2015
199145.7 °C25 June 1991-1.4 °C18 December 199124.5 °C95 mm2121
199044.8 °C26 July 1990-0.3 °C20 January 199024.8 °C40 mm2071
198944.7 °C7 July 1989-5.2 °C6 January 198924.1 °C54 mm2109
198844.3 °C13 June 19881.2 °C1 January 198824.9 °C48 mm2160
198746.5 °C22 July 19870.1 °C13 January 198725.5 °C76 mm2070
198644.7 °C27 August 19860.1 °C22 January 198623.9 °C133 mm1930
198543.8 °C6 August 19851.4 °C6 December 198524.0 °C136 mm2030
198443.9 °C27 July 19840.2 °C30 January 198424.0 °C75 mm2040
198344.4 °C10 July 1983-0.3 °C21 December 198323.7 °C62 mm1942
198244.0 °C6 June 1982-1.0 °C18 January 198223.4 °C151 mm1874
198145.0 °C9 August 19810.6 °C15 January 198124.7 °C83 mm2070
198045.4 °C22 July 1980-1.0 °C1 January 198024.9 °C57 mm2241
197945.8 °C28 July 1979-1.4 °C31 December 197925.3 °C67 mm2241
197845.5 °C19 July 19780.6 °C20 December 197824.4 °C70 mm2160
197744.8 °C10 June 1977-0.8 °C10 January 197724.3 °C65 mm2042
197643.7 °C23 June 1976-0.4 °C2 March 197623.7 °C89 mm2011
197545.2 °C31 July 1975-1.6 °C13 February 197523.4 °C159 mm1821
197444.5 °C8 August 1974-0.5 °C26 January 197423.9 °C96 mm2053
197344.1 °C11 August 1973-3.9 °C4 January 197324.3 °C88 mm2155
197243.8 °C27 July 1972-4.4 °C26 December 197223.0 °C241 mm20310
197142.4 °C16 July 1971-1.9 °C21 December 197123.0 °C114 mm1893
197043.5 °C3 August 1970-3.1 °C16 December 197024.1 °C46 mm2133
196943.7 °C16 August 1969-1.8 °C1 February 196924.5 °C80 mm2174
196843.9 °C28 July 1968-1.6 °C5 February 196823.7 °C72 mm2023
196744.6 °C19 July 1967-2.9 °C25 December 196722.5 °C133 mm1915
196645.1 °C13 June 19660.8 °C14 January 196624.3 °C61 mm2040
196542.9 °C23 August 1965-2.5 °C22 December 196523.4 °C113 mm1932
196445.4 °C31 July 1964-6.7 °C20 January 196422.5 °C62 mm18119
196345.1 °C4 August 1963-4.8 °C28 December 196323.5 °C159 mm2095
196242.8 °C3 June 1962-1.1 °C18 January 196224.3 °C24 mm2164
196144.4 °C27 July 1961-0.6 °C25 November 196123.1 °C71 mm1911
196043.5 °C23 July 1960-2.5 °C30 January 196024.1 °C52 mm1994
195942.9 °C26 June 1959-2.9 °C16 December 195922.8 °C50 mm2154
195843.2 °C29 August 19580.2 °C26 December 195823.9 °C52 mm2140
195743.9 °C14 August 1957-3.3 °C25 January 195722.7 °C102 mm1967
195642.6 °C3 August 1956-2.5 °C18 January 195622.8 °C133 mm19710
195542.9 °C9 June 19550.4 °C30 January 195523.1 °C76 mm1940
195443.6 °C1 July 1954-0.1 °C22 January 195423.5 °C64 mm2121
195344.6 °C24 July 1953-3.2 °C22 December 195322.8 °C61 mm2094
195242.9 °C8 June 1952-0.9 °C14 February 195223.5 °C123 mm2103
195144.4 °C17 July 1951-1.1 °C25 January 195123.8 °C56 mm2054
195042.7 °C26 August 1950-5.4 °C29 January 195022.3 °C66 mm19912
194941.5 °C31 May 1949-6.8 °C1 January 194921.6 °C143 mm19220
194843.5 °C7 August 1948-3.4 °C31 December 194822.9 °C80 mm1752
194743.3 °C3 July 1947-0.6 °C16 January 194723.4 °C121 mm2052
194642.4 °C30 May 1946-0.5 °C14 January 194623.1 °C34 mm2052
194543.3 °C28 July 1945-2.0 °C29 January 194523.0 °C51 mm1986
194442.6 °C1 July 1944-0.6 °C20 December 194422.9 °C119 mm2031
194343.4 °C7 July 1943-1.5 °C3 February 194323.2 °C151 mm1922
194243.6 °C25 June 1942-4.9 °C7 January 194224.0 °C106 mm2204
194142.6 °C17 July 19410.7 °C3 February 194123.6 °C11 mm2080
194041.9 °C31 July 1940-2.0 °C17 January 194022.9 °C95 mm1862

Normals computed over complete calendar years 1940–2025.

A specific year

Pick a year and see how it compares to normal — warmer, drier or more extreme than usual?

Across the whole year

Average daily high
32.4 °C
+1.3 °C
Hot days (≥ 30 °C)
218 d/yr
+9
Frost days (< 0 °C)
1 d/yr
-1
Annual rainfall
136 mm
+42 mm

Month by month

Highvs. normalPrecipitationvs. normal
Jan17.9 °C-0.3 °C10 mm-7 mm
Feb19.2 °C-2.0 °C29 mm+21 mm
Mar25.5 °C-0.3 °C43 mm+29 mm
Apr35.4 °C+4.2 °C3 mm-11 mm
May39.7 °C+2.6 °C2 mm-1 mm
Jun42.1 °C+1.9 °C0 mm0 mm
Jul42.5 °C+1.3 °C0 mm0 mm
Aug42.7 °C+1.4 °C0 mm0 mm
Sep40.7 °C+1.8 °C0 mm0 mm
Oct34.5 °C+1.0 °C0 mm-2 mm
Nov27.6 °C+2.2 °C1 mm-19 mm
Dec20.2 °C+0.6 °C48 mm+32 mm

The year's extremes

Hottest day
45.6 °C
9 Jun 2025
Coldest day
-0.3 °C
4 Jan 2025
Wettest day
25.8 mm
15 Dec 2025
Windiest day
39.5 km/h
29 Apr 2025
Strongest gust
63.0 km/h
29 Apr 2025
Hottest feels-like
43.9 °C
3 Aug 2025
Coldest feels-like
-4.8 °C
4 Jan 2025
Sunniest day
12.6 h
7 Jun 2025

What was the weather like that day?

Your birthday, a wedding, a memorable trip: discover the actual weather for any date since 1940.

Date

Frequently asked questions

What is the climate of Az Zulfī?

Az Zulfī has a hot desert climate (Köppen BWh). Over 1940-2025, the average annual temperature is 24.4 °C and it receives 94 mm of precipitation per year.

What is the hottest day ever recorded in Az Zulfī?

The hottest day measured in Az Zulfī between 1940 and 2025 was 12 July 2021, reaching 47.3 °C.

What is the coldest day in Az Zulfī?

The coldest day measured in Az Zulfī between 1940 and 2025 was 1 January 1949, at -6.8 °C.

Does it snow in Az Zulfī?

Almost never: Az Zulfī sees virtually no snow, with about 2 frost days per year.

Has the climate of Az Zulfī warmed?

Yes: Az Zulfī warmed by +4.0 °C between 1940 and 2025, a statistically significant trend.

What is the wettest day in Az Zulfī?

The wettest day measured in Az Zulfī between 1940 and 2025 was 8 November 1997, with 69 mm of rain in 24 hours.

What was the windiest day in Az Zulfī?

The windiest day measured in Az Zulfī between 1940 and 2025 was 22 April 1992, with winds reaching 49.6 km/h.

What is the warmest month in Az Zulfī?

The warmest month in Az Zulfī is August (34.2 °C on average); the coldest is January (12.2 °C).

How much does it rain in Az Zulfī?

Az Zulfī receives on average 94 mm of precipitation per year, spread over about 17 rainy days.

Is it sunny in Az Zulfī?

Az Zulfī gets on average 11.1 hours of sunshine per day, roughly 4,052 hours per year over 1940-2025.

What is the biggest single-day snowfall in Az Zulfī?

The heaviest 24-hour snowfall measured in Az Zulfī between 1940 and 2025 was 3 February 1967, with 0.1 cm.

Are there tropical nights in Az Zulfī?

Yes: Az Zulfī has on average 166 tropical nights per year (temperature staying above 20 °C), over 1940-2025.

What was the most extreme apparent temperature in Az Zulfī?

In Az Zulfī, between 1940 and 2025, the highest apparent temperature reached 48.0 °C on 4 August 2022, and the lowest was -12.2 °C on 20 January 1964.

Compare Az Zulfī with another city

Pick a second city: its normals will be set against these, indicator by indicator.

Nearby cities

The climate around Az Zulfī

Other cities — Saudi Arabia